清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市 100084
王奕(2000—),女,博士研究生,主要研究方向:信息物理系统、联邦学习、数据中心。E-mail:y-wang22@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
郭庆来(1979—),男,通信作者,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:电压稳定与电压控制、信息物理系统、电动汽车。E-mail:guoqinglai@tsinghua.edu.cn
收稿:2026-01-21,
修回:2026-06-08,
网络首发:2026-07-30,
纸质出版:2026-09-10
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王奕,郭庆来.面向算电协同的智算中心负荷灵活性:挑战与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(17):3-17.
WANG Yi,GUO Qinglai.Load Flexibility of Intelligent Computing Centers Aimed for Computing Power-Electric Power Coordination: Challenges and Prospects[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(17):3-17.
王奕,郭庆来.面向算电协同的智算中心负荷灵活性:挑战与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(17):3-17. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20260121006.
WANG Yi,GUO Qinglai.Load Flexibility of Intelligent Computing Centers Aimed for Computing Power-Electric Power Coordination: Challenges and Prospects[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(17):3-17. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20260121006.
人工智能(AI)的盛行引发智算中心能耗和碳排激增,源荷双侧的强波动性使得发掘内生负荷灵活性成为算电协同的关键。首先,针对AI计算任务与硬件设施的特殊性,剖析了智算中心负荷灵活性研究面临的多维度异构、细粒度耦合和多主体协同三大挑战。然后,从负荷建模、灵活性发掘与灵活性利用3个核心子问题出发,综述了国内外研究现状。最后,展望了未来研究的趋势,指出应重点推进适应多维度异构的任务级负荷建模,攻克感知细粒度耦合的灵活性动态刻画技术,设计激励多主体协同的灵活性拓展应用策略。
The prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to a sharp increase in energy consumption and carbon emissions in intelligent computing centers. High volatility on both the resource and load sides makes the exploration of endogenous load flexibility the key to computing power-electric power coordination. First
addressing the unique characteristics of AI computing tasks and hardware infrastructure
this paper analyzes the three major challenges faced by the research on load flexibility of intelligent computing centers: multi-dimensional heterogeneity
fine-grained coupling
and multi-stakeholder collaboration. Then
based on the three core sub-problems of load modeling
flexibility exploitation
and flexibility utilization
this paper reviews the current status of domestic and international research. Finally
the paper prospects future research trends
highlighting the need to advance task-level load modeling adapted to multi-dimensional heterogeneity
conquer dynamic flexibility characterization technologies that perceive fine-grained coupling
and design flexibility expansion application strategies to incentivize multi-stakeholder collaboration.
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