1.香港中文大学机械与自动化工程学系,香港 999077
2.北京大学光华管理学院,北京市 100871
3.清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市 100084
杨蒙(1998—),男,博士研究生,主要研究方向:能源经济、电力交通系统。E-mail:myang@mae.cuhk.edu.hk
翁翕(1983—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:博弈论、信息经济学、数字经济。E-mail:wengxi125 @gsm.pku.edu.cn
沈沉(1970—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:电力系统分析与控制、能源电力系统数字孪生技术与应用。E-mail:shenchen@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
陈玥(1992—),女,通信作者,博士,助理教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:博弈论、运筹学与能源经济。E-mail:yuechen@mae.cuhk.edu.hk
收稿:2026-01-04,
修回:2026-04-19,
网络首发:2026-07-15,
纸质出版:2026-09-10
移动端阅览
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人工智能的快速普及显著提升了全球算力需求,数据中心与电力系统协同研究受到了广泛关注。为此,文中进行了系统性研究。首先,总结了数据中心在计算资源分配、用能管理与热管理方面的基础模型,并归纳了数据中心与各能源网络之间的耦合关系建模,为算电协同研究奠定基础。其次,重点分析了算电协同长期扩展规划和短期优化运行在数据中心微电网等3种典型场景下的研究进展;从电量与灵活性市场等5个方面全面梳理了算电协同相关市场机制;总结了算电协同在输电网和配电网层次上的韧性提升措施、数学模型与应对算法。然后,为促进算电协同相关领域研究,调研并汇总了数据中心主流公开数据集的时间颗粒度、覆盖时间、特点与适用场景等。最后,从人工智能数据中心硬件协同布局和人工智能负荷需求响应等微观层面及社会经济效益等宏观层面,分别展望了未来算电协同的关键研究方向。
The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence has significantly increased global computing power demands
drawing widespread attention to the coordination of data centers and power systems. To address this
this paper conducts a systematic study on computing power-electric power coordination. First
it summarizes fundamental models of data centers in computing resource allocation
energy consumption management
and thermal management
and synthesizes modeling that characterizes the coupling between data centers and various energy networks
which lays a foundation for the research on computing power-electric power coordination. It then focuses on research advances in long-term expansion planning and short-term optimal operation for computing power-electric power coordination in three representative scenarios
such as data center microgrids. Furthermore
the paper provides a comprehensive overview of relevant market mechanisms from five perspectives
including the electricity and flexibility markets. It also summarizes resilience enhancement measures
mathematical models
and solution algorithms for computing power-electric power coordination at both transmission and distribution network levels. Subsequently
to further promote the research in this area
the paper surveys and compiles key characteristics of mainstream open data center datasets
including temporal granularity
coverage period
features
and applicable scenarios. Finally
it outlines key research directions for future computing power-electric power coordination from both micro-level aspects
such as coordinated hardware deployment in AI data centers and AI-driven load demand response
and macro-level aspects
such as social and economic benefits.
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