1.国网电力科学研究院有限公司(南瑞集团有限公司),江苏省南京市 211106
2.北京科东电力控制系统有限责任公司,北京市 100089
马力(1986—),男,学士,高级工程师,主要研究方向:电网信息安全、电力工控网络安全。E-mail:kdsec_86@163.com
王丹(1986—),女,学士,工程师,主要研究方向:异常流量检测、电力工控网络安全。E-mail:wdzqbx@163.com
计士禹(1987—),男,通信作者,学士,工程师,主要研究方向:信息安全、电力工控系统。E-mail:k_ji_shi_yu@qq.com.
收稿:2024-12-09,
修回:2025-06-06,
网络首发:2025-08-05,
纸质出版:2026-02-10
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马力,王丹,计士禹等.基于马尔可夫链的电力工控边界流量遥控行为异常检测模型[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(3):198-207.
MA Li,WANG Dan,JI Shiyu,et al.A Markov Chain-based Anomaly Detection Model for Remote Control Behaviors in Power Industrial Control Boundary Traffic[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(3):198-207.
马力,王丹,计士禹等.基于马尔可夫链的电力工控边界流量遥控行为异常检测模型[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(3):198-207. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20241209006.
MA Li,WANG Dan,JI Shiyu,et al.A Markov Chain-based Anomaly Detection Model for Remote Control Behaviors in Power Industrial Control Boundary Traffic[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(3):198-207. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20241209006.
随着智能电网的发展,电力工控系统的网络安全愈发受到重视。作为电力工控系统的核心环节,电力调度自动化系统正面临着定制化虚假数据注入攻击等严峻挑战。此外,智能电网中海量且型号繁杂的智能设备以及异构通信链路的接入使得边缘威胁检测变得异常困难。文中提出一种部署于电力通信网络边界,基于马尔可夫链的IEC 60870-5-104协议遥控行为异常检测模型。首先,对IEC 60870-5-104协议进行了详细分析,提取了协议遥控行为的关键特征。然后,利用马尔可夫链理论构建描述遥控行为的状态转移概率模型。通过实时监测网络流量,在线训练该模型,为每一个业务建立历史行为基线,如果当前观测到的状态序列与基线存在差异,则判断为异常活动。最后,通过仿真验证该模型能有效检测电力调度过程中的交互行为异常、操作频率异常等多种异常行为。
With the evolution of smart grids
the cybersecurity of power industrial control systems has gained paramount importance. As the core of power industrial control systems
power dispatching automation system is now confronted with severe challenges such as customized false data injection attacks. Furthermore
the massive scale and diversity of smart device models
coupled with the access of heterogeneous communication links in the smart grid
significantly complicates threat detection at the network edge. This paper proposes a Markov chain-based anomaly detection model for IEC 60870-5-104 protocol used remote control behaviors that is deployed at the boundary of the power communication network. Firstly
the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol is analyzed in detail to extract key features of its remote-control behaviors. Secondly
Markov chain theory is employed to build a state-transition probability model that characterizes these behaviors. By monitoring the network traffic in real time and training this model online
a historical behavior baseline is established for each business. If the currently observed state sequence is different from the baseline
it is judged as an abnormal activity. Finally
it is verified through the simulation that the model can effectively detect various behaviors anomaly such as interaction behavior anomaly and operation frequency anomaly during the power dispatching process.
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