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1.郑州轻工业大学电气信息工程学院,河南省郑州市 450002
2.浙江大学海南研究院,海南省三亚市 572025
3.国网河南省电力公司经济技术研究院,河南省郑州市 450052
和萍(1980—),女,通信作者,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:高比例新能源电力系统稳定性分析与控制。E-mail:hplkz@126.com
王明洋(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:高比例新能源电力系统稳定性分析与控制。E-mail:mingyang556@sina.com
文福拴(1965—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:电力系统故障诊断与系统恢复、电力经济与电力市场、智能电网与电动汽车。E-mail:fushuan.wen@gmail.com
收稿:2024-11-21,
修回:2024-12-15,
网络出版:2025-03-05,
纸质出版:2025-06-10
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和萍,王明洋,文福拴等.基于虚拟力矩补偿的储能虚拟同步发电机阻尼特性分析与控制[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(11):102-113.
HE Ping,WANG Mingyang,WEN Fushuan,et al.Damping Characteristic Analysis and Control of Energy Storage Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Virtual Torque Compensation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(11):102-113.
和萍,王明洋,文福拴等.基于虚拟力矩补偿的储能虚拟同步发电机阻尼特性分析与控制[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(11):102-113. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20241121004.
HE Ping,WANG Mingyang,WEN Fushuan,et al.Damping Characteristic Analysis and Control of Energy Storage Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Virtual Torque Compensation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(11):102-113. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20241121004.
储能虚拟同步发电机(VSG)可有效增强电网的调节能力,但其固有的振荡特性也给电网的稳定运行带来较大风险。针对该情况,首先,建立计及虚拟励磁调节器(VER)和虚拟补偿环节影响的VSG与电力系统的小信号模型,确定影响系统稳定性的关键变量。接着,采用复数力矩系数法分析了VER与虚拟功率补偿(VPC)对系统阻尼特性的影响,发现VER会引入负阻尼力矩。为此,设计了储能VSG的功率解耦控制以消除VER的负阻尼特性。进一步,分析还发现VPC向系统提供的阻尼力矩会受到振荡频率的影响,在不同控制目标间还存在相互制约矛盾,导致VPC改善系统阻尼特性的能力受限。为此,提出了基于虚拟频率补偿(VFC)的VSG控制,所提控制在增强系统阻尼特性的同时,不会影响系统的动态响应能力,还消除了振荡频率对阻尼力矩的影响。最后,通过仿真验证了理论分析的准确性和所提控制的有效性。
The energy storage virtual synchronous generator (VSG) can effectively enhance the regulation capability of the power grid. However
its inherent oscillation characteristics also bring significant risks to the stable operation of the power grid. To address this situation
this paper establishes a small-signal model of VSG and power system considering the influence of virtual excitation regulator (VER) and virtual compensation link
to identify the key variables affecting the system stability. Then the influence of VER and virtual power compensation (VPC) on the system damping characteristics is analyzed by using the complex torque coefficient method. It is found that VER will introduce the negative damping torque. Consequently
the power decoupling control for the energy storage VSG is designed to eliminate the negative damping characteristics of the VER. Furthermore
the analysis indicates that the damping torque provided by VPC to the system is affected by the oscillation frequency
and there are mutual constraints among different control objectives
limiting the ability of VPC to improve the system damping characteristics. Therefore
a VSG control based on virtual frequency compensation (VFC) is proposed
which improves the system damping characteristics without affecting its dynamic response and eliminates the influence of oscillation frequency on damping torque. Finally
the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed control are verified by simulation.
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