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强电磁工程与新技术国家重点实验室,电力安全与高效湖北省重点实验室(华中科技大学),湖北省武汉市 430074
姚兴(2001—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:新能源并网系统稳定性分析。E-mail:yaoxing72261@hust.edu.cn
占萌(1974—),男,通信作者,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:电力电子化电力系统动态、新能源并网稳定。E-mail:zhanmeng@hust.edu.cn
刘琦(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:新能源装备并网系统小扰动稳定。E-mail:liuqi67@hust.edu.cn
收稿日期:2024-09-29,
修回日期:2025-01-17,
网络出版日期:2025-05-30,
纸质出版日期:2025-08-25
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姚兴,占萌,刘琦.构网型变流器并网系统中功率同步环与端电压环相互作用分析[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(16):175-186.
YAO Xing,ZHAN Meng,LIU Qi.Analysis on Interaction Between Power Synchronization Loop and Terminal Voltage Loop in Grid-connected System of Grid-forming Converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(16):175-186.
姚兴,占萌,刘琦.构网型变流器并网系统中功率同步环与端电压环相互作用分析[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(16):175-186. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240929004.
YAO Xing,ZHAN Meng,LIU Qi.Analysis on Interaction Between Power Synchronization Loop and Terminal Voltage Loop in Grid-connected System of Grid-forming Converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(16):175-186. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240929004.
构网型变流器并网系统在强网下表现出反常失稳,而其功率同步控制环节与端电压控制环节间相互作用机制并不清晰。为此,文中从控制环节的振荡频率(控制环节带宽)角度,分析系统在不同强、弱网条件(线路电抗变化)下环节间的相互作用,以及由此导致的不同稳定性结果。首先,建立系统线性化模型,并基于自动控制理论,求取虚拟同步机与端电压控制环节子系统的带宽,发现二者带宽随线路电抗变化呈现相反的变化趋势。然后,通过奇异摄动理论
分别以虚拟同步机、端电压控制为主体展开不同网络条件下的环节间相互作用分析。再者,通过分析系统开环传递函数的幅相特性衡量稳定性,并得到导致强网失稳的临界线路电抗。最后,研究揭示了虚拟同步机、端电压控制的参数影响,以及控制环路带宽分离法与主流方法的区别与联系,并通过仿真和硬件在环实验验证了上述分析的正确性。
The grid-connected system of the grid-forming converter exhibits abnormal instability in a strong grid. The mechanism of interaction between the power synchronization control loop and the voltage control loop is unclear. Therefore
from the perspective of oscillation frequency (bandwidth of control loop)
this paper analyzes the interaction between control loops under various strong or weak grid conditions (with line reactance variation) of the system
and various stability results caused by the interaction are obtained. Firstly
the linearized model of the system is established
and the subsystem bandwidths of both the virtual synchronous generator and the terminal voltage control loops are calculated based on the automatic control theory. It is revealed that the bandwidths of the two subsystems exhibit opposite trends varied with the line reactance. Subsequently
by using the singular perturbation theory
the analysis of the interaction between the control loops under various grid conditions is carried out with the virtual synchronous generator or terminal voltage control as the main subject. Furthermore
the system stability is evaluated by analyzing the amplitude-phase characteristics of the open-loop transfer function of the system
and the critical line reactance leading to the instability in the strong grid is obtained. Finally
the parameter influences of the virtual synchronous generator and the terminal voltage control
as well as the difference and relationship between the control loop bandwidth separation method and the mainstream methods are studied. The correctness of the above analysis is verified by simulation and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments.
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