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1.西安交通大学电气工程学院,陕西省西安市 710049
2.华润电力技术研究院有限公司,广东省深圳市 518001
尚佳宇(2000—),女,博士研究生,主要研究方向:逆变器并联系统控制、建模与稳定性分析。E-mail:shangjy@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
虞家骏(1998—),男,硕士,主要研究方向:交流微网建模及稳定性分析。E-mail:y1055130561@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
刘增(1984—),男,通信作者,博士,副教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:面向可再生能源和储能的多变流器系统的控制与分析。E-mail:zengliu@xjtu.edu.cn
收稿:2024-05-27,
修回:2024-10-30,
网络出版:2024-12-05,
纸质出版:2025-01-25
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尚佳宇,虞家骏,刘增等.构网型与跟网型逆变器并联系统精确频域建模及简化稳定判据[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(2):53-63.
SHANG Jiayu,YU Jiajun,LIU Zeng,et al.Accurate Frequency-domain Modeling and Simplified Stability Criterion for Parallel Grid-forming and Grid-following Inverter System[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(2):53-63.
尚佳宇,虞家骏,刘增等.构网型与跟网型逆变器并联系统精确频域建模及简化稳定判据[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(2):53-63. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240527006.
SHANG Jiayu,YU Jiajun,LIU Zeng,et al.Accurate Frequency-domain Modeling and Simplified Stability Criterion for Parallel Grid-forming and Grid-following Inverter System[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(2):53-63. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240527006.
构网型逆变器与跟网型逆变器并联系统被广泛应用于可再生能源分布式接入的孤岛交流微网中。构网型逆变器功率-频率下垂控制的功率环和跟网型逆变器的锁相环均会产生基波频率小信号动态,进而并联的功率环以及锁相环之间将存在较强的基波频率相互作用,严重影响系统稳定性。针对上述问题,首先,基于端口阻抗和频率-电流端口频域特性,文中构建了构网型与跟网型逆变器单机及其并联系统的精确小信号频域模型,其中包含了主电路动态、电压电流内环动态、功率环和锁相环频率动态及其互相作用动态。进而,基于该频域模型分析了频率动态的特性及其影响,并在典型工况条件下利用盖尔圆定理推导出了基于该并联系统回率矩阵主对角元的简化稳定判据。最后,仿真和实验验证了所提频域模型和简化稳定判据的准确性和有效性。
The parallel grid-forming and grid-following inverter system is widely used in the islanded AC microgrid with distributed integration of renewable energy. The power-frequency droop control loop of grid-forming inverter and the phase locked loop (PLL) of grid-following inverter both generate fundamental frequency small-signal dynamics. Consequently
there exists the strong fundamental frequency interaction between the parallel power loops and PLLs
which has a considerable effect on the stability of the system. Regarding the above mentioned issue
first
based on terminal impedances and frequency-domain frequency-current terminal characteristics
the accurate small-signal frequency-domain models are constructed for the grid forming inverter
the grid-following inverter and the parallel inverter system
which include the main circuit dynamics
the voltage and current inner-loop dynamics
the power loop and PLL frequency dynamics
and the interaction dynamics. Furthermore
based on the frequency-domain model
the characteristics and effects of frequency dynamics are analyzed
and a simplified stability criterion based on the principal diagonal entries of the return-ratio matrix for the parallel system is derived using the Gerschgorin circle theorem under the typical operation conditions. Finally
simulation and experimental results validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed frequency-domain model and simplified stability criterion.
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