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香港中文大学机械与自动化工程学系,香港 999077
闫东翔(1991—),男,博士后,主要研究方向:优化、博弈论与能源管理。E-mail:dongxiangyan@cuhk.edu.hk
陈玥(1992—),女,通信作者,博士,助理教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:博弈论、运筹学与能源经济。E-mail:yuechen@mae.cuhk.edu.hk
收稿:2022-02-19,
修回:2022-07-15,
网络出版:2022-09-27,
纸质出版:2022-12-10
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闫东翔,陈玥.共享储能商业模式和定价机制研究综述[J].电力系统自动化,2022,46(23):178-191.
YAN Dongxiang,CHEN Yue.Review on Business Model and Pricing Mechanism for Shared Energy Storage[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2022,46(23):178-191.
闫东翔,陈玥.共享储能商业模式和定价机制研究综述[J].电力系统自动化,2022,46(23):178-191. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20220219003.
YAN Dongxiang,CHEN Yue.Review on Business Model and Pricing Mechanism for Shared Energy Storage[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2022,46(23):178-191. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20220219003.
储能是提升电力系统灵活性以应对源荷随机波动的重要手段,但目前单用户单储能的配置与运营模式使用户面临着储能投资成本高,以及市场上可供选择的储能容量模块种类有限导致的所需储能容量定制化困难和储能设备利用率低等问题。为应对上述挑战,共享储能作为一种新兴商业范式受到广泛关注。文中给出了共享储能的概念,分析了其在降低用户成本、提高储能利用率、促进可再生能源消纳和提升电网运行稳定性等方面的潜力,并对共享储能的应用场景及国内外工程实践进行了详细阐述。在此基础上,根据共享储能的所有权归属不同,将共享储能的商业模式归纳为用户投资和共享公共储能、用户共享运营商投资的公共储能、用户共享自有储能3类。然后,从价格设计的角度将共享储能定价机制的相关研究归纳为3类,并总结了当前的研究进展与亟待解决的问题。最后,考虑到多共享储能运营商参与和电动汽车作为移动共享储能是2个极具潜力的应用场景,文中有针对性地对未来的研究进行了展望,并指出了所需解决的关键问题和可能的解决方案。
Energy storage is an important means of enhancing power system flexibility to cope with the random fluctuations from power sources and loads. However
the current single-user single-energy-storage configuration and operation mode leads to the problems such as high energy storage investment cost
difficulties in customizing the required energy storage capacity due to the limited types of modules available in the market
and low utilization rate of energy storage devices. To address the above challenges
shared energy storage as a novel business model has captured great attention. This paper gives the concept of shared energy storage and analyzes its potential in reducing user cost
improving energy storage utilization rate
promoting renewable energy accommodation
and enhancing power system stability. Application scenarios of shared energy storage as well as its engineering practices worldwide are elaborated. Based on this
the business models of the shared energy storage are classified into three categories according to the ownership of shared energy storage
namely
sharing of user-investing public energy storage
sharing of operator-investing public energy storage
and sharing of user-owned energy storage. Then
the research related to the energy storage pricing mechanisms is divided into three categories from the price design perspective
and the state-of-the-art and the remaining issues are summarized. Finally
considering that the participation of multiple shared energy storage operators and the use of electric vehicles as mobile shared energy storage are two application scenarios with great potential
this paper provides a targeted outlook for the future research
and points out the key issues to be addressed with possible solutions.
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