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昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南省昆明市 650500
蔡子龙(1976—),男,博士研究生,讲师,主要研究方向:电动汽车充电站规划、车网互动、信息技术在电力系统中的应用。E-mail:1250582439@qq.com
束洪春(1961—),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:电力系统新型继电保护与故障测距、故障录波、数字信号处理器及其应用。E-mail:kmshc@sina.com
单节杉(1979—),男,通信作者,副教授,主要研究方向:电力系统新型控制与保护。E-mail:736495310@qq.com
收稿日期:2021-09-16,
修回日期:2022-02-09,
网络出版日期:2022-05-13,
纸质出版日期:2022-09-10
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蔡子龙,束洪春,单节杉.考虑运营成本的电动公交车集群换电优化调度策略[J].电力系统自动化,2022,46(17):205-217.
CAI Zilong,SHU Hongchun,SHAN Jieshan.Optimal Dispatching Strategy for Battery Swapping of Electric Bus Cluster Considering Operation Cost[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2022,46(17):205-217.
蔡子龙,束洪春,单节杉.考虑运营成本的电动公交车集群换电优化调度策略[J].电力系统自动化,2022,46(17):205-217. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20210916007.
CAI Zilong,SHU Hongchun,SHAN Jieshan.Optimal Dispatching Strategy for Battery Swapping of Electric Bus Cluster Considering Operation Cost[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2022,46(17):205-217. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20210916007.
针对当前电动公交车存在换电运营成本高、充电负荷波动大,以及参与换电各方利益诉求不一致等问题,对电动公交车集群的运营调度策略和换电策略进行联合精细化建模。首先,以总运营成本最低为优化目标,以可投入运营的车辆数和换电电池数量为约束,建立换电电池组与车次链换电需求匹配模型,并采用改进遗传算法对该模型进行求解。接着,以充电负荷波动最小为优化目标,以满足充电需求、充电过程连续等为约束,建立二次规划模型并求解出各电池组的最优充电策略。此外,对电池组无序充电以及应对运营异常情况处理策略分别建立了相应的处理模型。最后,以一个3线路电动公交车集群换电策略的制定为算例对模型进行验证,结果表明所提模型可同时满足总运营成本最低和充电负荷波动最小的要求,满足换电各参与方的利益诉求。
In view of the existing problems of the electric buses
such as high operation cost of battery swapping
large fluctuation of charging load
and inconsistent interest demands of all parties involved in battery swapping
the operation scheduling strategy and the battery swapping strategy of electric buses are jointly modeled in detail. First
taking the lowest total operation cost as the optimization objective and the number of vehicles that can be put into operation and the number of swapping batteries as the constraints
the matching model between the swapping battery pack and the battery swapping demand of the vehicle chains is established
and the improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the model. Then
taking the minimum fluctuation of charging load as the optimization objective and the charging demand and the continuity of the charging process as the constraints
a quadratic programming model is established and the optimal charging strategy of each battery pack is solved. In addition
this paper establishes the corresponding processing models of uncoordinated charging strategy of battery packs and handling strategy to deal with abnormal operation conditions. Finally
the battery swapping strategy formulation of a three-line electric bus cluster is taken as an example to verify the model. The results show that the proposed model can meet the requirements of the lowest total operation cost and minimum charging load fluctuation
and meet the interests of all parties involved in battery swapping.
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