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1.南瑞集团有限公司(国网电力科学研究院有限公司),江苏省南京市 211106
2.智能电网保护和运行控制国家重点实验室,江苏省南京市 211106
3.常州工学院电气信息工程学院,江苏省常州市 213032
郑玉平(1964—),男,博士,教授级高级工程师,博士生导师,主要研究方向:电力系统继电保护。E-mail:zhengyuping@sgepri.sgcc.com.cn
潘书燕(1971—),女,通信作者,硕士,研究员级高级工程师,主要研究方向:电力系统继电保护。E-mail:panshuyan@sgepri.sgcc.com.cn
柴济民(1983—),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向:电力系统继电保护。E-mail:chaijm@czu.cn
收稿:2021-06-04,
修回:2021-10-19,
网络出版:2021-12-02,
纸质出版:2022-03-10
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郑玉平,潘书燕,柴济民等.新一代调相机变压器组启机过流保护误动作原因及对策[J].电力系统自动化,2022,46(5):105-111.
ZHENG Yuping,PAN Shuyan,CHAI Jimin,et al.Causes and Countermeasures of Misoperation for Start-up Over-current Protection of New-generation Condenser and Transformer Unit[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2022,46(5):105-111.
郑玉平,潘书燕,柴济民等.新一代调相机变压器组启机过流保护误动作原因及对策[J].电力系统自动化,2022,46(5):105-111. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20210604001.
ZHENG Yuping,PAN Shuyan,CHAI Jimin,et al.Causes and Countermeasures of Misoperation for Start-up Over-current Protection of New-generation Condenser and Transformer Unit[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2022,46(5):105-111. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20210604001.
新一代调相机变压器组启机升压惰转过程中机端会出现幅值较大且波形畸变的电流,导致启机过流保护误动作。文中理论推导了升压主变压器铁芯磁链的实时计算公式,并通过PSCAD仿真进一步验证了公式的准确性。综合理论分析与仿真结果可知,变压器剩磁和机端电压幅值的不断升高可能导致其铁芯饱和,从而产生幅值较大且具有波形畸变特征的励磁涌流,引起保护动作。考虑到实际工程运行中,将调相机转子绕组视为一个大电感,当调相机在并网失败或故障下退出运行等工况灭磁时,调相机励磁电流不能突变,机端电压会缓降至0,变压器出现剩磁的概率较小。对于启机中出现的保护误动问题,应对策略为:一是在升压变压器直流电阻试验后进行消磁处理,可降低变压器发生铁芯饱和的概率,或者减小变压器铁芯饱和程度从而降低励磁涌流幅值;二是考虑到此保护仅在启机过程中投入运行,从保护调相机组安全、宁误动不拒动的角度出发,可采用传统的二次谐波按相闭锁启机过流保护方法,以应对变压器发生铁芯饱和的工况。
During the start-up voltage boost inertial rotation of the new-generation condenser and transformer unit
the current with large amplitude and distorted waveform will appear at the condenser terminal
resulting in the misoperation of the start-up over-current protection. In this paper
the real-time calculation formula of iron-core flux linkage of boost transformer is deduced theoretically
and the accuracy of the formula is further verified by PSCAD simulation. Based on the theoretical analysis and simulation results
it can be seen that the increasing amplitude of transformer remanence and condenser terminal voltage may lead to iron-core saturation
resulting in inrush current with large amplitude and waveform distortion
causing protection operation. Considering that the rotor winding of the condenser is regarded as a large inductance in the actual project operation
when the condenser is deenergized under grid connection failure or out of operation under fault conditions
the excitation current of the condenser cannot change suddenly
the condenser terminal voltage will slowly drop to 0
and the probability of remanence flux of the transformer is small. For the protection misoperation during start-up process
the countermeasures are as follows: first
degaussing treatment after DC resistance test of the boost transformer can reduce the probability of core saturation
or reduce the saturation degree of the transformer iron-core
so as to reduce the amplitude of inrush current; secondly
considering that this protection is only put into operation during the start-up process
from the perspective of protecting the safety of the condenser unit and preferring misoperation to operation rejection
the traditional second-harmonic phase blocking start-up over-current protection method can be adopted to deal with the operation condition of transformer core saturation.
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