As the current active distribution network planning method does not reflect which investor makes the decision earlier

a bi-level alternate programming method is proposed between expansion planning of active distribution system and siting and sizing of photovoltaic power and storage based on the game theory. Firstly

based on a self-consumption trade pattern widely applied in European countries

a novel operation strategy for photovoltaic(PV)and energy storage system(ESS)considering peak and valley price is proposed. Based on this strategy

a bi-level optimization model is set up to optimize expansion planning of distribution network and siting and sizing of PV and energy storage. And then the binary particle swarm optimization algorithm is utilized in the upper level model for the optimization of installation nodes of new lines and distributed generators

the game theory is employed in the lower level model to determine the capacity configuration of PV and ESS in the lower level optimization. Finally

simulation tests are carried out in a distribution system in a certain planning area. Test results show that reasonable optimal storage system configuration and access solutions can reduce electricity cost of customers and effectively lower network loss in a distribution system.