The substation anti-maloperation system is important in preventing the maloperation caused by wrong operation procedures or man-made mistakes. A new anti-maloperation system based on IEC 61850 standard is described， which consists of three main layers， the station anti-maloperation layer， the bay layer and communication layer. The implementation of the anti-maloperation rules in the station layer and bay layer as well as the optimization of the communication layer are discussed in detail. The new system can not only provide real-time and online operations without additional investment， but is also a more convenient， intelligent and highly reliable system free from delay.