Coordinated Optimization of Network-Station-Vehicle in Rural Flexibly Interconnected Distribution Transformer Areas Based on Weber-Fechner Law

MU Yunfei; ZHANG Bowen; JIN Shangting; WU Zhijun; JIA Hongjie; ZU Guoqiang

doi:10.7500/AEPS20251230005

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Coordinated Optimization of Network-Station-Vehicle in Rural Flexibly Interconnected Distribution Transformer Areas Based on Weber-Fechner Law

Key Technologies and Practical Applications of Vehicle\-to\-Grid in New Power System | 更新时间：2026-08-21

- Coordinated Optimization of Network-Station-Vehicle in Rural Flexibly Interconnected Distribution Transformer Areas Based on Weber-Fechner Law
- Automation of Electric Power Systems Vol. 50, Issue 15, Pages: 222-237(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.智能配用电装备与系统全国重点实验室（天津大学），天津市 300072
  2.天津大学国家储能技术产教融合创新平台，天津市 300350
  3.国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院，天津市 300384
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B20105);Tianjin Outstanding Young Scientists Project(24JCJQJC00260)
- DOI：10.7500/AEPS20251230005
  CLC：
- Received：30 December 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-04-25，
  
  Online First：17 June 2026，
  
  Published：10 August 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
穆云飞,张博文,金尚婷等.基于韦伯-费希纳定律的农村柔性互联台区“网-站-车”协同优化[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(15):222-237.

MU Yunfei,ZHANG Bowen,JIN Shangting,et al.Coordinated Optimization of Network-Station-Vehicle in Rural Flexibly Interconnected Distribution Transformer Areas Based on Weber-Fechner Law[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(15):222-237.
穆云飞,张博文,金尚婷等.基于韦伯-费希纳定律的农村柔性互联台区“网-站-车”协同优化[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(15):222-237. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20251230005.

MU Yunfei,ZHANG Bowen,JIN Shangting,et al.Coordinated Optimization of Network-Station-Vehicle in Rural Flexibly Interconnected Distribution Transformer Areas Based on Weber-Fechner Law[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(15):222-237. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20251230005.

摘要

随着高比例光伏与电动汽车（EV）接入农村配电网，配电台区出现了负载时空分布不均衡、电压越限等问题。针对该问题，提出了一种基于韦伯-费希纳定律(Weber-Fechner law)的柔性互联台区与充储电站双层博弈优化策略。首先，分析农村台区源荷时空互补特性，构建含智能软开关(SOP)与充储电站的柔性互联系统架构；进而，建立了涵盖配电系统运营商、充储电站及EV用户的双层博弈优化模型：上层模型以配电网运行成本、电压偏差及变压器负载均衡度最小为目标，优化SOP的时空潮流分布；下层模型引入韦伯-费希纳定律揭示用户对电价刺激与荷电状态(SOC)的非线性感知机制，量化心理阈值与饱和效应对用户充放电意愿的耦合影响，在此基础上，制定充储电站最优定价与调度策略模型，并采用粒子群与遗传算法进行混合迭代求解。算例分析结果表明，在EV高渗透率场景下，所提策略能有效挖掘SOP的空间传输能力与EV的时间平移协同潜力，在满足EV充电需求的同时，可提升用户收益、降低峰谷差和功率方差，并实现潮流与电压分布的协同优化，从而有效抑制电压越限风险，显著提升了农村配电网对台区负载时空均衡调控能力及系统运行安全性。

Abstract

With a high proportion of photovoltaic (PV) systems and electric vehicles (EVs) being connected to rural distribution networks

issues such as unbalanced spatio-temporal load and voltage violation have emerged in the distribution transformer areas. To address these issues

this paper proposes a bi-level game-based optimization strategy for flexibly interconnected transformer areas and charging-storage power stations based on the Weber-Fechner law. First

the spatio-temporal complementary characteristics of sources and loads in rural transformer areas are analyzed

and the flexibly interconnected system architecture incorporating soft open points (SOPs) and charging-storage stations is established. Then

a bi-level game-based optimization model involving the distribution network operator

charging-storage power stations

and EV users is constructed. In the upper-level model

the minimization of operating cost of distribution networks

voltage deviation

and load balancing degree of transformers is taken as the objective to optimize the spatio-temporal power flow distribution of SOPs. In the lower-level model

the Weber-Fechner law is introduced to characterize the nonlinear perception mechanism of users toward electricity price incentives and state of charge

thereby quantifying the coupled effects of psychological thresholds and saturation effects on charging and discharging willingness of users. On this basis

an optimal pricing and scheduling strategy model for charging-storage power stations is established

and the particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms are used for hybrid iterative solution. Case study results show that

in a high EV penetration scenario

the proposed strategy can fully exploit the coordinated potential of the spatial transfer capability of the SOP and the temporal shifting capability of EVs. While satisfying EV charging demand

the proposed strategy can increase user benefits

reduce peak-valley difference and power variance

and achieve the coordinated optimization of power flow and voltage distribution

thus effectively suppressing the risk of voltage violations

and significantly enhancing the spatio-temporal load balancing regulation capability and operation security of rural distribution networks.

关键词

Keywords

references

国家能源局 . 2025年上半年光伏发电建设情况［EB/OL］.（ 2025-08-02 ）［ 2025-11-02 ］. https：//mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qAaLslwdu14GPbnHlzQwTg https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qAaLslwdu14GPbnHlzQwTg .

National Energy Administration . Photovoltaic power generation construction in the first half of 2025 ［EB/OL］.（ 2025-08-02 ）［ 2025-11-02 ］. https：//mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qAaLslwdu14GPbnHlzQwTg https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qAaLslwdu14GPbnHlzQwTg .

王海波，钱飞宏，林虹，等 . 2025年上半年中国电池行业运行情况［J］. 电池， 2025 ， 55 （ 4 ）： 660 - 667 .

WANG Haibo ， QIAN Feihong ， LIN Hong ， et al . Operation of China’s battery industry in the first half of 2025 ［J］. Battery Bimonthly ， 2025 ， 55 （ 4 ）： 660 - 667 .

国家发展改革委国家能源局关于加快推进充电基础设施建设更好支持新能源汽车下乡和乡村振兴的实施意见［EB/OL］.（ 2023-05-14 ）［ 2025-09-16 ］. https：//www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202305/content_6874368.htm https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202305/content_6874368.htm .

Implementation opinions from National Development and Reform Commission and National Energy Administration on accelerating the construction of charging infrastructure to better support the going-to-the-countryside of new energy vehicles and rural revitalization ［EB/OL］. （ 2023-05-14 ）［ 2025-09-16 ］. https：//www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202305/content_6874368.htm https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202305/content_6874368.htm .

周剑桥，张建文，席东民，等 . 基于SOP有功-无功协同的低压配电网末端电压越限治理［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2023 ， 47 （ 6 ）： 110 - 122 .

ZHOU Jianqiao ， ZHANG Jianwen ， XI Dongmin ， et al . Terminal voltage overlimit mitigation for low-voltage distribution network based on coordinated active and reactive power control of soft open point ［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems ， 2023 ， 47 （ 6 ）： 110 - 122 .

侯凯，汤雨，过亮，等 . 现代智慧配电网柔性互联技术研究综述［J］. 电力自动化设备， 2025 ， 45 （ 10 ）： 186 - 200 .

HOU Kai ， TANG Yu ， GUO Liang ， et al . Review on flexible interconnection technology of modern smart distribution network ［J］. Electric Power Automation Equipment ， 2025 ， 45 （ 10 ）： 186 - 200 .

YOU H Y ， LOU C W ， YANG J ， et al . Deep learning based real-time approach for optimal power flow in unbalanced distribution systems with high-level EV penetration ［C］// 2025 IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence （CAI）， May 5-7 ， 2025 ， Santa Clara， USA ： 342 - 349 .

YU H ， ZHANG Y L ， QU J H ， et al . A privacy-protected distributed operation method for flexible distribution networks with EV charging load clusters ［J］. Energy ， 2025 ， 327 ： 136409 .

KANG Y Q ， LU G ， CHEN M ， et al . Collaborative optimization of direct current distribution network based on scaled electric vehicles charging and discharging and soft open points topology reconfiguration ［J］. Energies ， 2025 ， 18 （ 2 ）： 373 .

ZHENG C T ， DAI Q L ， CHEN Z G ， et al . Application of mobile soft open points to enhance hosting capacity of EV charging stations ［J］. Energies ， 2025 ， 18 （ 21 ）： 5758 .

LI W ， LIU J ， YU Y D ， et al . Two-stage distributionally robust optimal scheduling of distribution network taking into account demand-side flexibility resources ［C］// 2024 12th International Conference on Smart Grid （icSmartGrid）， May 27-29 ， 2024 ， Setubal， Portugal ： 564 - 572 .

LI J J ， LI F ， SUN K ， et al . Bi-level coordinated expansion planning of high-PV-penetration active distribution networks incorporating multiple flexible resources considering WGAN-GP-based uncertainty generation ［J］. Energy ， 2025 ， 330 ： 136685 .

王亮，王春义，张晓磊，等 . 考虑柔性负荷接入的E-SOP与网架协同规划方法［J］. 电力系统及其自动化学报， 2024 ， 36 （ 3 ）： 59 - 64 .

WANG Liang ， WANG Chunyi ， ZHANG Xiaolei ， et al . Collaborative planning method for E-SOP and grid considering flexible load access ［J］. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA ， 2024 ， 36 （ 3 ）： 59 - 64 .

YANG X D ， JIANG W T ， MA J ， et al . Flexibility provision by virtual power line and soft open point in AC/DC distribution systems ［J］. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems ， 2025 ， 166 ： 110528 .

GUPTA R K ， FAHMY S ， CHEVRON M ， et al . Grid-aware scheduling and control of electric vehicle charging stations for dispatching active distribution networks： theory and experimental validation ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid ， 2025 ， 16 （ 2 ）： 1575 - 1589 .

FANG J ， LI W W ， CHEN D C . Electric vehicle and soft open points co-planning for active distribution grid flexibility enhancement ［J］. Energies ， 2025 ， 18 （ 3 ）： 694 .

SHU Z ， WANG Q W ， LUO F Z ， et al . Optimal configuration model for flexible interconnected distribution transformer areas based on load aggregation ［J］. Energies ， 2025 ， 18 （ 18 ）： 4856 .

鄢仁武，林剑雄，叶晨欣，等 . 考虑碳量引导EV集群的含智能软开关主动配电网优化策略［J］. 浙江大学学报（工学版）， 2025 ， 59 （ 9 ）： 1920 - 1930 .

YAN Renwu ， LIN Jianxiong ， YE Chenxin ， et al . Optimization strategy for soft open point-containing active distribution networks considering carbon-guided electric vehicle clustering ［J］. Journal of Zhejiang University （Engineering Science）， 2025 ， 59 （ 9 ）： 1920 - 1930 .

PANDA S ， GANGULY S . Optimal routing and scheduling of electric vehicles in coupled active power distribution and transportation networks using mixed integer programming ［J］. Sustainable Energy， Grids and Networks ， 2026 ， 46 ： 102193 .

LUO T L ， XIAO T Y ， LI X W ， et al . Coordinated expansion planning for flexible interconnected distribution networks and charging facilities considering semi-dynamic traffic flow ［C］// 2025 7th International Conference on Power and Energy Technology （ICPET）， July 4-7 ， 2025 ， Shanghai，China ： 41 - 49 .

朱建昆，高红均，贺帅佳，等 . 考虑供电能力提升的低压配电网柔性互联规划［J］. 高电压技术， 2024 ， 50 （ 8 ）： 3545 - 3554 .

ZHU Jiankun ， GAO Hongjun ， HE Shuaijia ， et al . Flexible interconnection planning of low-voltage station area distribution network considering power supply capacity improvement ［J］. High Voltage Engineering ， 2024 ， 50 （ 8 ）： 3545 - 3554 .

YAO Y Z ， WAN Z R ， YANG T ， et al . Cooperative operation optimization of flexible interconnected distribution networks considering demand response ［J］. Processes ， 2025 ， 13 （ 9 ）： 2809 .

LI X Y ， NIU J D ， WANG Y ， et al . Rural household annual electricity load profiles generation method based on multi-source information fusion to resolve data scarcity challenges ［J］. Energy ， 2025 ， 338 ： 138932 .

梁睿，金沫含，朱慧君，等 . 基于多场景聚类和可解释时间融合Transformer网络的乡村地区净负荷区间预测［J］. 电网技术， 2025 ， 49 （ 12 ）： 5019 - 5027 .

LIANG Rui ， JIN Mohan ， ZHU Huijun ， et al . Net load interval forecasting in rural areas based on multi-scenario clustering and explainable temporal fusion Transformers network ［J］. Power System Technology ， 2025 ， 49 （ 12 ）： 5019 - 5027 .

田志曈，张轶炫，刘谋海，等 . 融合柔性养殖负荷与储能的高光伏渗透率渔光台区运行策略［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2026 ， 49 （ 7 ）： 238 - 254 .

TIAN Zhitong ， ZHANG Yixuan ， LIU Mouhai ， et al . Operation strategy for photovoltaic fishery distribution areas with high photovoltaic permeability integrating flexible aquaculture load and energy storage ［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems ， 2026 ， 49 （ 7 ）： 238 - 254 .

王若琪，胡炎，杨增力，等 . 大量分布式电源接入的配电网自适应重合闸及故障恢复策略［J］. 上海交通大学学报， 2026 ， 60 （ 1 ）： 42 - 50 .

WANG Ruoqi ， HU Yan ， YANG Zengli ， et al . Adaptive reclosing and fault recovery strategies for large scale distributed generation access in distribution networks ［J］. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University ， 2026 ， 60 （ 1 ）： 42 - 50 .

LI B ， CHEN M Y ， KAMMEN D M ， et al . Electric vehicle’s impacts on China’s electricity load profiles based on driving patterns and demographics ［J］. Energy Reports ， 2022 ， 8 ： 26 - 35 .

MCKINNEY T R ， BALLANTYNE E E F ， STONE D A . Understanding the rural demographics need for electric vehicles ［J］. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications ， 2025 ， 28 （ 10 ）： 1141 - 1158 .

DENG A L ， CESANEK E ， DOMINI F . Sensory feedback modulates Weber’s law of both perception and action ［J］. Journal of Vision ， 2024 ， 24 （ 13 ）： 10 .

黄珍瑶，江岳文 . 基于电动汽车时空聚合弹性套餐及配网节点电价牵引的配网弃风弃光就地消纳优化调度［J］. 电网技术， 2026 ， 50 （ 3 ）： 1140 - 1156 .

HUANG Zhenyao ， JIANG Yuewen . Optimized dispatch of wind and light abandonment local consumption in distribution networks based on electric vehicle time-space aggregation elasticity package and distribution location marginal price traction ［J］. Power System Technology ， 2026 ， 50 （ 3 ）： 1140 - 1156 .

张靖琛，江全元，耿光超，等 . 基于区块链的负荷聚合商及居民用户多方共治交易模式［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2024 ， 48 （ 1 ）： 109 - 118 .

ZHANG Jingchen ， JIANG Quanyuan ， GENG Guangchao ， et al . Blockchain-based multi-party co-governance transaction mode for load aggregator and residential users ［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems ， 2024 ， 48 （ 1 ）： 109 - 118 .

李志煌，邵振国，朱少林，等 . 基于主从博弈推演和改进多任务学习的居民用户需求响应潜力评估［J］. 电网技术， 2025 ， 49 （ 5 ）： 1781 - 1791 .

LI Zhihuang ， SHAO Zhenguo ， ZHU Shaolin ， et al . Assessing the potential of residential user demand response based on Stackelberg game theory and improvements in multi-task learning ［J］. Power System Technology ， 2025 ， 49 （ 5 ）： 1781 - 1791 .

DAL CIN E ， CARRARO G ， VOLPATO G ， et al . DOMES： a general optimization method for the integrated design of energy conversion， storage and networks in multi-energy systems ［J］. Applied Energy ， 2025 ， 377 ： 124702 .

喻磊，王锐，程杉，等 . 基于多主体主从博弈的电动汽车充电站双层定价策略［J］. 电力科学与技术学报， 2025 ， 40 （ 3 ）： 243 - 254 .

YU Lei ， WANG Rui ， CHENG Shan ， et al . Two-level pricing strategy for electric vehicle charging stations based on multi-agent Stackelberg game ［J］. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology ， 2025 ， 40 （ 3 ）： 243 - 254 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Topology and Control Strategy of Soft Open Point Integrated with Photovoltaic and Energy Storage for Medium-voltage Grid Connection

Day-ahead Spatio-Temporal Interaction Method of Electric Vehicles, Aggregators and Distribution Network for Photovoltaic Accommodation

Calculation Method for Electric Vehicle Hosting Capacity of Flexibly Interconnected Distribution Network Considering Traffic Flow

Multi-period Uncertainty Set Modeling Method for Wind Farms Applicable to Robust Control

Frequency Control Method for Offshore Wind Farm Based on Trajectory Optimization and Pinning Consensus Algorithm

Related Author

XU Zhipeng

YI Yingqi

ZHANG Yongjun

CHENG Runting

ZHONG Kanghua

ZHANG Jun

WANG Jingyue

ZHU Di

Related Institution

School of Electric Power Engineering, South China University of Technology

School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University

Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education (Tianjin University)

Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd.

Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion, Ministry of Education (Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

⁰