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1.电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室(上海交通大学),上海市 200240
2.新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司),北京市 100192
Received:08 May 2025,
Revised:2025-07-11,
Online First:30 October 2025,
Published:25 February 2026
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ZANG Jingru,YANG Renxin,XU Jin,et al.Virtual Synchronous Control for Offshore Wind Power with Low-frequency AC Transmission Using Diode Rectifier[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(4):24-35.
臧婧汝,杨仁炘,徐晋等.适用于二极管整流低频交流送出的海上风电虚拟同步控制[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(4):24-35. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20250508001.
ZANG Jingru,YANG Renxin,XU Jin,et al.Virtual Synchronous Control for Offshore Wind Power with Low-frequency AC Transmission Using Diode Rectifier[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(4):24-35. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20250508001.
低频交流输电是一种具有竞争力的中远海风电送出方案。岸上变频器是低频交流输电的核心装备,目前多采用模块化多电平矩阵变换器(M3C),但M3C存在结构复杂、成本高等问题。使用基于二极管整流器(DRU)以及模块化多电平换流器(MMC)的背靠背变频器取代M3C能够有效降低成本,但DRU由于不控特性,无法独立建立低频交流系统。为此,提出一种风电场与DRU-MMC背靠背变频器的协同运行方案,风电机组采用虚拟同步构网型控制构建低频交流系统,再通过变频站MMC的直流电压自跟踪控制平衡系统功率,能够协同维持低频交流电压、频率稳定及系统实时功率平衡。此外,在所提控制方案下,海上风电场还具备自发的惯量响应能力,以及对陆上电网低电压故障和海上交流系统故障稳定穿越的能力。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建了含有4个风电场的系统模型,验证了所提控制方案的可行性和有效性。
Low-frequency AC (LFAC) transmission has become a competitive solution for mid-to-long-distance offshore wind power transmission. The onshore frequency converter
as the core equipment of the LFAC system
predominantly employs the modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C). However
M3C faces challenges such as complex structure and high cost. Replacing the M3C with a back-to-back frequency converter based on the diode rectifier unit (DRU) and modular multilevel converter (MMC) can significantly reduce costs. Nevertheless
due to its uncontrolled characteristic
the DRU can’t be independently used to establish the LFAC system. Therefore
this paper proposes a collaborative operation scheme between wind farms and the DRU-MMC back-to-back converter. Wind turbines adopt virtual synchronous grid-forming control to establish the LFAC system. System power balance is achieved via the MMC DC voltage self-tracking control at the frequency converter station. This scheme can collaboratively maintain stable LFAC voltage and frequency
as well as real-time power balance within the system. Moreover
the proposed control scheme enables the offshore wind farms to provide inherent inertia response
along with stable fault ride-through capability for both onshore power grid low-voltage faults and offshore AC system faults. Finally
a system model with four wind farms has been developed in MATLAB/Simulink to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
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