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电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室(上海交通大学),上海市 200240
Received:27 February 2025,
Revised:2025-05-21,
Online First:24 July 2025,
Published:25 November 2025
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WANG Ganyao,LYU Jing,WANG Han,et al.Comparative Analysis on Small-signal Dynamic Characteristics of Various Grid-forming Direct-drive Wind Turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(22):79-89.
王干尧,吕敬,王晗等.不同构网型直驱风电机组的小扰动动态特性对比分析[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(22):79-89. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20250227001.
WANG Ganyao,LYU Jing,WANG Han,et al.Comparative Analysis on Small-signal Dynamic Characteristics of Various Grid-forming Direct-drive Wind Turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(22):79-89. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20250227001.
构网型直驱风电机组模拟同步机特性,能够主动支撑电网电压、改善频率响应。现有研究主要探讨特定构网型控制策略的频率响应或并网稳定性,缺乏对不同构网型控制策略动态特性差异的对比研究。文中针对虚拟同步发电机(VSG)控制、下垂控制和惯性同步控制(ISC)这3种典型构网型直驱风电机组,分别建立其无功功率-电压、有功功率-频率和电压-电流小信号频域动态模型,对比研究了3种构网型直驱风电机组在电压响应能力、频率响应能力和电网强度适应能力三方面的特性差异,并进一步分析了关键控制参数对动态特性差异化影响的规律。最后,通过仿真和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。结果表明,下垂控制在电压支撑能力方面表现最佳,VSG控制在频率支撑能力方面表现最佳,而ISC在强电网条件下的适应性较好。研究结果可为构网型控制策略的选择与应用提供有价值的参考。
Grid-forming direct-drive wind turbines emulate the characteristics of synchronous generators
and can actively support the grid voltage and improve the frequency response. Existing research primarily focuses on the frequency response or grid-connected stability of specific grid-forming control strategies
with a lack of comparative studies on the dynamic characteristic differences among various grid-forming control strategies. This paper establishes small-signal frequency-domain dynamic models of reactive power-voltage
active power-frequency
and voltage-current relationships for three typical grid-forming direct-drive wind turbines: virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control
droop control
and inertia synchronization control (ISC). The differences among these three grid-forming direct-drive wind turbines in terms of voltage response capability
frequency response capability
and adaptability to grid strength are compared. Furthermore
the influence of key control parameters on the dynamic characteristics is analyzed. Finally
the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified through simulations and experimental results. The results indicate that droop control performs best in voltage support capability
VSG control excels in frequency support capability
while ISC shows better adaptability under strong grid conditions. The research results can provide valuable references for the selection and application of grid-forming control strategies.
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