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1.河海大学电气与动力工程学院,江苏省南京市 211100
2.国网上海市电力公司,上海市 200437
Received:09 January 2025,
Revised:2025-05-10,
Online First:27 June 2025,
Published:25 February 2026
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周海强,曹博源,杨心刚等.基于轨迹优化及牵制一致性算法的海上风电场频率控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(4):36-45.
ZHOU Haiqiang,CAO Boyuan,YANG Xingang,et al.Frequency Control Method for Offshore Wind Farm Based on Trajectory Optimization and Pinning Consensus Algorithm[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(4):36-45.
周海强,曹博源,杨心刚等.基于轨迹优化及牵制一致性算法的海上风电场频率控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(4):36-45. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20250109004.
ZHOU Haiqiang,CAO Boyuan,YANG Xingang,et al.Frequency Control Method for Offshore Wind Farm Based on Trajectory Optimization and Pinning Consensus Algorithm[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2026,50(4):36-45. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20250109004.
海上风电场场内风速差异较大,信号量测和传输困难且成本高,给风电场频率控制带来了挑战。为此,文中提出了一种基于轨迹优化及牵制一致性算法的海上风电场频率控制方法。首先,讨论了牵制一致性算法的原理,提出了由虚拟领导节点生成牵制信号并通过优化牵制信号实现风电场功率最优控制的方案。根据风电机组可调转子动能及扰动后频率变化规律,设计了牵制信号函数的一般形式。接着,构建了计及牵制一致性控制的风电场单机等值模型,指出由于场内风电机组动态行为具有一致性,风电场单机等值模型具有较好精度,可满足系统频率计算精度要求。最后,以控制代价为目标,考虑频率安全约束,对风电、储能及需求响应等控制措施进行协同优化,确定协同优化频率控制方案及风电场最优牵制信号。为验证所提方法有效性,将其应用于修改后的IEEE 3机9节点系统的频率控制决策,仿真结果表明,通过调节牵制信号可实现风电功率的优化,在确保频率安全的前提下降低控制代价。该方法信号量测及通信需求较小,并具有较快的计算速度。
There is a significant difference in wind speed within offshore wind farms
making signal measurement and transmission difficult and costly
which poses challenges to frequency control of wind farms. Therefore
a frequency control method for the offshore wind farm based on trajectory optimization and pinning consensus algorithm is proposed. Firstly
the principles of pinning consensus (PC) algorithm are discussed. A scheme is proposed to generate pinning signals from virtual leadership nodes and achieve optimal control of wind farm power by optimizing the pinning signals. A general form of the pinning signal function is designed based on the adjustable rotor kinetic energy of the wind turbine and the frequency variation law after disturbance. Subsequently
by taking into account the PC control
a single-machine equivalent model of the wind farm is constructed. It is pointed out that due to the consensus of the dynamic behavior of wind turbines in the field
the single-machine equivalent model of the wind farm has good accuracy and can meet the accuracy requirements of system frequency calculation. Finally
with the goal of control costs and considering frequency safety constraints
the coordinated optimization of control measures such as wind power
energy storage
and demand response is carried out to determine the coordinated optimization frequency control scheme and the optimal pinning signal for the wind farm. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method
it is applied to the frequency control decision of a modified IEEE 3-machine 9-bus system. Simulation results show that optimizing wind power can be achieved by adjusting the pinning signal
reducing control costs while ensuring frequency safety. This method requires less signal measurement and communication
and has a fast calculation speed.
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