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1.四川大学电气工程学院,四川省成都市 610065
2.国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院,四川省成都市 610041
Received:25 December 2024,
Revised:2025-05-29,
Online First:14 August 2025,
Published:25 November 2025
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王顺亮,陈亚龙,马俊鹏等.电网频率跌落下基于功角增量的构网型逆变器限流策略[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(22):44-54.
WANG Shunliang,CHEN Yalong,MA Junpeng,et al.Current-limiting Strategy of Grid-forming Inverter Based on Power Angle Increment Under Power Grid Frequency Drop[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(22):44-54.
王顺亮,陈亚龙,马俊鹏等.电网频率跌落下基于功角增量的构网型逆变器限流策略[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(22):44-54. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20241225006.
WANG Shunliang,CHEN Yalong,MA Junpeng,et al.Current-limiting Strategy of Grid-forming Inverter Based on Power Angle Increment Under Power Grid Frequency Drop[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(22):44-54. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20241225006.
构网型(GFM)逆变器可以有效地缓解由于新能源发电渗透率提高导致的低惯性与弱网稳定性问题。然而,GFM逆变器的虚拟惯性也会引发电网频率跌落期间的过流问题。针对此问题,文中基于频率跌落期间的功角变化,揭示了GFM逆变器与电网之间的功角增量是电网频率跌落期间GFM逆变器过流的主导因素,需要投入限流策略来避免过流。为了避免限流策略的反复投切并实现快速过流保护,提出了一种基于事件触发的SR锁存器切换逻辑;该方法利用事件触发的逻辑实时响应过流事件,从而实现快速过流保护。然后,提出了一种基于功角增量的自适应频率追踪策略,并基于过流初始阶段的残余功角增量自适应计算虚拟阻抗。所提方法不仅抑制了电网故障期间的过流,增强了系统的同步稳定性,还具备故障恢复能力。此外,通过对自适应频率追踪策略的闭环传递函数的带宽分析,表明该策略具有良好的兼容性。最后,仿真和实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性与准确性。
Grid-forming (GFM) inverters effectively alleviate the issues of low inertia and weak grid stability caused by increasing renewable energy penetration. However
the virtual inertia of the GFM inverter may induce overcurrent during the power grid frequency drop. To address this issue
based on the power angle variation during the frequency drop
this paper reveals that the power angle increment between the GFM inverter and the power grid is the dominant factor causing the GFM inverter overcurrent during the power grid frequency drop
and a current-limiting strategy is required to avoid the overcurrent. To prevent repeated switching of the current-limiting strategy and achieve fast overcurrent protection
this paper proposes a switching logic based on an event-triggered SR latch. This method utilizes the event-triggered logic to respond to overcurrent events in real time
thereby achieving fast overcurrent protection. Then
an adaptive frequency tracking strategy based on power angle increment is proposed
and the virtual impedance is adaptively calculated based on the residual power angle increment in the initial phase of overcurrent. The proposed method not only suppresses the overcurrent during power grid faults
enhances the synchronous stability of the system
but also has fault recovery ability. In addition
the bandwidth analysis of the closed-loop transfer function of the adaptive frequency tracking strategy demonstrates that this strategy has good compatibility. Finally
simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method.
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