Impedance Frequency Coupling and Stability Analysis of Parallel System of Grid-following and Grid-forming Converters in Weak Grid

SHENG Lilong; XU Jinmin; LI Wei; KANG Jiahua; QIE Chaohui; XIE Shaojun

doi:10.7500/AEPS20240517002

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Impedance Frequency Coupling and Stability Analysis of Parallel System of Grid-following and Grid-forming Converters in Weak Grid

Grid-forming Technology | 更新时间：2025-06-16

- Impedance Frequency Coupling and Stability Analysis of Parallel System of Grid-following and Grid-forming Converters in Weak Grid
- Automation of Electric Power Systems Vol. 49, Issue 1, Pages: 27-37(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南京航空航天大学自动化学院，江苏省南京市 211106
  2.南瑞集团有限公司（国网电力科学研究院有限公司），江苏省南京市 211106
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(52277184)
- DOI：10.7500/AEPS20240517002
  CLC：
- Received：17 May 2024，
  
  Revised：2024-09-13，
  
  Published Online：26 November 2024，
  
  Published：10 January 2025
- 稿件说明：
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盛李龙,许津铭,李威等.弱电网下跟/构网型变流器并联系统的阻抗频率耦合及稳定性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(1):27-37.

SHENG Lilong,XU Jinmin,LI Wei,et al.Impedance Frequency Coupling and Stability Analysis of Parallel System of Grid-following and Grid-forming Converters in Weak Grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(1):27-37.
盛李龙,许津铭,李威等.弱电网下跟/构网型变流器并联系统的阻抗频率耦合及稳定性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(1):27-37. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20240517002.

SHENG Lilong,XU Jinmin,LI Wei,et al.Impedance Frequency Coupling and Stability Analysis of Parallel System of Grid-following and Grid-forming Converters in Weak Grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(1):27-37. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20240517002.

摘要

在含跟网型光伏及构网型储能的异构系统中，利用阻抗分析法可以研究构网型变流器对异构系统稳定性的影响。然而，现有研究未充分考虑变流器间、变流器与电网阻抗间的频率耦合效应，难以准确评估弱电网下异构系统的稳定性。因此，以两机异构并网系统为例，文中深入分析了系统内部耦合对跟/构网型变流器输出阻抗的影响。分析表明，电网阻抗以及构网型/跟网型变流器输出阻抗对跟网型/构网型变流器输出阻抗有附加影响；相较于变流器独立并网运行，异构系统中跟网型变流器中低频段输出阻抗易受到影响，而构网型变流器输出阻抗基本不受影响。在此基础上，将构网型变流器与电网合并视为等效电网而建立了异构并网系统阻抗模型，讨论了小干扰稳定性。硬件在环实验结果表明，相较于传统阻抗模型，基于所提阻抗模型的稳定性分析实现了弱电网下系统小干扰稳定性的准确判断。

Abstract

In the heterogeneous system with grid-following photovoltaics and grid-forming energy storage

the influence of grid-forming converters on the heterogeneous system stability can be studied through the impedance analysis method. However

the existing studies do not fully consider the frequency coupling effect between different converters and the frequency coupling effect between the converters and the grid impedance. So it is difficult to accurately evaluate the stability of the heterogeneous system in the weak grid. Therefore

taking a two-generator heterogeneous grid-connected system as an example

this paper deeply analyzes the influence of system internal coupling on the output impedances of grid-following and grid-forming converters. The analysis shows that the grid impedance and the output impedance of the grid-forming/grid-following converter have an additional influence on the output impedance of the grid-following/grid-forming converter. In particular

compared with the converter in the independent grid-connected operation

the output impedance of the grid-following converter in the mid- and low-frequency band is easily affected in the heterogeneous system

while the output impedance of the grid-forming converter is basically unaffected. On this basis

the impedance model of the heterogeneous grid-connected system is established by combining the grid-forming converter and the grid as an equivalent grid

and the small-signal stability is discussed. The results of the hardware-in-loop experiment show that

compared with the traditional impedance model

the stability analysis based on the proposed impedance model realizes the accurate judgment of the small-signal stability of the system in the weak grid.

关键词

Keywords

references

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