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清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市 100084
Received:15 May 2024,
Revised:2024-07-29,
Published Online:12 September 2024,
Published:25 April 2025
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王凯伦,宋强,赵彪等.基于虚拟调速控制的大型孤岛新能源基地LCC直流送出方案[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(8):54-65.
WANG Kailun,SONG Qiang,ZHAO Biao,et al.LCC-HVDC Transmission Scheme for Large-scale Islanded Renewable Energy Bases Based on Virtual Governor Control[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(8):54-65.
王凯伦,宋强,赵彪等.基于虚拟调速控制的大型孤岛新能源基地LCC直流送出方案[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(8):54-65. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240515008.
WANG Kailun,SONG Qiang,ZHAO Biao,et al.LCC-HVDC Transmission Scheme for Large-scale Islanded Renewable Energy Bases Based on Virtual Governor Control[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(8):54-65. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240515008.
基于构网型新能源的电网换相换流器(LCC)高压直流输电是实现无常规电源支撑的大型新能源基地经济高效送出的一种可能方案。然而,构网型新能源和LCC的功能定位,以及系统的惯量和强度支撑能力是实现这一方案的关键。为此,提出了基于LCC高压直流输电虚拟调速控制的虚拟同步系统方案。利用LCC的触发角控制自由度实现送端孤岛的有功功率控制与交流电压幅值解耦,使风电机组变流器能够运行于基于
P/f
特性的虚拟同步机(VSG)模式。提出了基于负向功率流等价的虚拟同步系统构建方法,将风力发电机等价为VSG的负向功率虚拟负荷,并将LCC功能等价为负向功率虚拟原动机。基于此设计了LCC虚拟调速控制,实现了送端孤岛的有功平衡和频率控制。从虚拟调速器反馈控制的角度,揭示了系统稳定运行对VSG虚拟惯量的要求和系统关键参数的影响,并给出了设计方法。最后,利用时域仿真验证了所设计系统方案的稳定运行和暂态故障穿越能力。
Line commutated converter (LC
C)-high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission based on grid-forming renewable energy offers a potential scheme to realize the economical and efficient transmission of large-scale renewable energy bases without the support from the conventional power supply. However
the keys to realize the scheme are the functional positioning of grid-forming renewable energy and LCC
as well as the inertia and strength support capability of the system. Therefore
a virtual synchronous system (VSS) scheme based on virtual governor control of LCC-HVDC transmission is proposed. The firing angle control freedom of the LCC is utilized to decouple the active power control and AC voltage amplitude at the sending end of islanded grid
enabling converters of wind turbines to operate in a virtual synchronous generator (VSG) mode based on the
P/f
characteristics. A modeling method for VSS based on negative power flow equivalence is proposed. This method considers the wind turbine as a negative power virtual load for the VSG
while LCC is considered as a negative power virtual prime mover. On this basis
LCC virtual governor control is designed to realize the active power balance and the frequency regulation at the sending end of islanded grid. From the perspective of feedback control of the virtual governor
the requirements of VSG virtual inertia for stable operation of systems and the impacts of the key system parameters are revealed
and the design methodologies are given. Finally
time-domain simulations validate the stable operation and transient fault ride-through ability of the designed system scheme.
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