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华北电力大学新能源学院,北京市 102206
Received:29 April 2024,
Revised:2024-10-10,
Published Online:29 November 2024,
Published:25 August 2025
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LI Yujia,CHEN Fuhao,YAN Jie,et al.Adaptive Short-term Wind Power Forecasting Under Extreme Weather Events Based on Transfer Learning and Autoencoder[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(16):85-95.
李宇佳,陈富豪,阎洁等.基于迁移学习和自编码器的极端天气自适应短期风电功率预测[J].电力系统自动化,2025,49(16):85-95. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240429012.
LI Yujia,CHEN Fuhao,YAN Jie,et al.Adaptive Short-term Wind Power Forecasting Under Extreme Weather Events Based on Transfer Learning and Autoencoder[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(16):85-95. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240429012.
针对寒潮、台风、覆冰等极端天气下风电功率预测精度不足的问题,提出基于气象因子的极端天气事件判别方法,以及基于迁移学习和自编码器的极端天气事件自适应短期风电功率预测方法。首先,通过分析气象要素和机组出力间的耦合特性,定义极端天气判别标准,识别未来将要发生的天气事件类型。其次,基于自编码器预测模型的自相关机制增加长时间序列信息利用率,采用迁移学习的“预训练-微调”策略,先利用正常天气下的充足样本对预测模型预训练,再针对极端天气下有限样本数据进行微调,根据判别得到的天气事件,自适应地采用该类天气事件下的预测模型进行短期风电功率预测。选取12个风电场的数据集进行分析,通过分析模型在极端天气和所有天气条件下的预测表现,验证了所提方法的有效性。实验结果表明,所提方法可准确预知未来是否会发生极端天气事件,并大幅提升极端天气事件下的短期风电功率预测精度。
Aiming at the problem of insufficient accuracy of wind power forecasting under extreme weather events such as cold waves
typhoons and icing
an extreme weather event discrimination method based on meteorological factors is proposed
and an adaptive short-term wind power forecasting method for extreme weather events based on transfer learning and autoencoder is proposed. Firstly
by analyzing the coupling characteristics between meteorological factors and wind turbine output
the extreme weather discrimination standards are defined to identify the types of weather events that will occur in the future. Secondly
based on the autocorrelation mechanism of autoencoder forecasting model
the utilization of long-time-series information is increased. The pre-training-fine-tuning strategy of transfer learning is adopted
whereby sufficient samples under normal weather are used for pre-training the forecasting model
and then fine-tuning is carried out for the limited samples of extreme weather data. The forecasting model is adaptively applied to the short-term wind power forecasting according to the discrimination of extreme weather events. The datasets from 12 wind farms are selected for analysis
and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by analyzing the forecasting performance of the model under extreme weather and all kinds of weather conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately forecast whether an extreme weather event will occur in the future and substantially improve the accuracy of short-term wind power forecasting under extreme weather events.
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