LIU Long,HU Bin,WANG Yaoxin,et al.Adaptability Analysis and Enhancement of Grid-forming Converter for Wide-range Short-circuit Ratio[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(2):64-72.
LIU Long,HU Bin,WANG Yaoxin,et al.Adaptability Analysis and Enhancement of Grid-forming Converter for Wide-range Short-circuit Ratio[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2025,49(2):64-72. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20240404002.
Adaptability Analysis and Enhancement of Grid-forming Converter for Wide-range Short-circuit Ratio
With the increase of penetration of renewable energy sources
the complexity of the power grid also escalates. Grid-forming (GFM) converters face the grid-connection environment with a wide range of short-circuit ratio of the power grid. In order to study the potential stability issues of the GFM converter and enhance its adaptability in the power grid with a wide range of short-circuit ratio
this paper establishes an impedance model considering power control
coordinate transformation
and voltage-current control. By analyzing the order-reduced impedance model
the instability mechanism of the GFM converter interacting with a strong power grid is revealed. Then
a hybrid virtual impedance method is proposed to improve the grid-connection stability of GFM converters over a wide frequency range and enhance the adaptability in complex grid environments. Finally
the correctness of the impedance characteristic analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are verified through the experiment.
YANG Xiao , ZENG Chengbi , LAI Hui , et al . A stability analysis method and optimal control of a photovoltaic energy storage-virtual synchronous generator based on a harmonic state space model in a weak grid [J]. Power System Protection and Control , 2023 , 51 ( 16 ): 34 - 47 .
WU Chen , LIU Chenxi , HUANG Wei , et al . Siting and sizing method of grid-forming converters for improving stability of power system with renewable energy [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2023 , 47 ( 12 ): 130 - 136 .
HU Bin . Investigation on grid-connected stability and synchronization control strategy of DFIG wind power system [D]. Hangzhou : Zhejiang University , 2023 .
LI Haipan , NIAN Heng , HU Bin , et al . Review of analysis and suppression methods for wide-band oscillation in wind power grid-connected systems [J]. New Type Power Systems , 2023 ( 3 ): 237 - 255 .
NIAN H , YANG J , HU B , et al . Stability analysis and impedance reshaping method for DC resonance in VSCs-based power system [J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion , 2021 , 36 ( 4 ): 3344 - 3354 .
CHENG Cheng , XIE Shaojun , TAN Lingjuan , et al . Nonlinear model and stability analysis method for grid-following inverter [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2022 , 46 ( 6 ): 137 - 143 .
ZHANG L D , HARNEFORS L , NEE H P . Power-synchronization control of grid-connected voltage-source converters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , 2010 , 25 ( 2 ): 809 - 820 .
ZHONG Q C , WEISS G . Synchronverters: inverters that mimic synchronous generators [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics , 2011 , 58 ( 4 ): 1259 - 1267 .
ZHAN L , HU B , CHEN L , et al . Transient stability enhancement of current limited-GFM inverters based on varying virtual impedance [J/OL]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics [ 2024-06-18 ]. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10554284 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10554284 .
ZHAN Changjiang , WU Heng , WANG Xiongfei , et al . An overview of stability studies of grid-forming voltage source converters [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE , 2023 , 43 ( 6 ): 2339 - 2359 .
CAI Xu , QIN Yao , WANG Han , et al . Review of self-synchronous voltage source control for wind turbine generator [J]. High Voltage Engineering , 2023 , 49 ( 6 ): 2478 - 2490 .
QIN Shiyao , QI Chen , LI Shaolin , et al . Review of the voltage-source grid forming wind turbine [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE , 2023 , 43 ( 4 ): 1314 - 1334 .
TAOUFIK Q . Grid-forming control to achieve a 100% power electronics interfaced power transmission systems [D]. Paris, France : HESAM Université , 2020 .
ZHAO F Z , ZHU T H , HARNEFORS L , et al . Closed-form solutions for grid-forming converters: a design-oriented study [J]. IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics , 2024 , 5 : 186 - 200 .
HONG Zhenkun , ZHAN Meng . Bifurcation analysis of grid-forming converter system connected with stiff or weak AC grids [J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment , 2023 , 43 ( 9 ): 27 - 32 .
ZHAO F Z , WANG X F , ZHU T H . Power dynamic decoupling control of grid-forming converter in stiff grid [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics , 2022 , 37 ( 8 ): 9073 - 9088 .
LI Y T , GU Y J , GREEN T C . Revisiting grid-forming and grid-following inverters: a duality theory [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems , 2022 , 37 ( 6 ): 4541 - 4554 .
LIU Hui , SUN Dawei , SONG Peng , et al . Influence of voltage loop on stability of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generators [J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica , 2021 , 42 ( 3 ): 311 - 318 .
WANG Guangyu , FU Lijun , HU Qi , et al . Analysis and control of low-frequency oscillation damping of virtual synchronous generator considering influence of voltage loop [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems , 2022 , 46 ( 14 ): 177 - 184 .
LIU Xin , GUO Zhibo , JIA Jiaoxin , et al . Stability analysis and virtual impedance design of virtual synchronous machine based on sequence impedance [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society , 2023 , 38 ( 15 ): 4130 - 4146 .
YANG Xingwu , BAO Yiming , MENG Zhicheng , et al . Restraining method of subsynchronous oscillation in virtual synchronous generator based on impedance reshaping [J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE : 1 - 13 [ 2024-02-23 ]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20230508.1240.002.html https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20230508.1240.002.html .
LI Ming . Research on impedance adaptive dual-mode control of the grid-connected inverter for high-penetration new energy generation [D]. Hefei : Hefei University of Technology , 2020 .
LI Zhenbo , DAI Linwang , LI Shaolin , et al . Control strategy for smooth switching between voltage source and current source in dual-mode operation of DFIG [J]. Electric Drive , 2022 , 52 ( 22 ): 13 - 20 .
SHAH S , PARSA L . Impedance modeling of three-phase voltage source converters in DQ, sequence, and phasor domains [J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion , 2017 , 32 ( 3 ): 1139 - 1150 .
LEON J D V , TARRASO A , CANDELA J I , et al . Grid-forming controller based on virtual admittance for power converters working in weak grids [J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics , 2023 , 4 ( 3 ): 791 - 801 .
Analysis and Optimization of Resonance Stability for MMC-HVDC and LCC-HVDC Hybrid Infeed System of Offshore Wind Power
Analysis on Interaction Between Power Synchronization Loop and Terminal Voltage Loop in Grid-connected System of Grid-forming Converter
Transient Stability Enhancement Method for Grid-forming Converter Based on Joint Control of Active and Reactive Power
Related Author
YE Baixian
WANG Xuemei
LIU Hang
LIAO Fangqun
WANG Juanjuan
YAO Xing
ZHAN Meng
LIU Qi
Related Institution
EHV Power Transmission Company of China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd.
School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, Hubei Electric Power Security and High Efficiency Key Laboratory (Huazhong University of Science and Technology)
CRRC Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Research Institute Co., Ltd.
State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Reduction for Power Grid (Changsha University of Science & Technology)