Aggregation Reference Model and Quantitative Metric System of Flexible Energy Resources

WANG Siyuan; WU Wenchuan

doi:10.7500/AEPS20230728003

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Aggregation Reference Model and Quantitative Metric System of Flexible Energy Resources

Views | 更新时间：2025-06-16

- Aggregation Reference Model and Quantitative Metric System of Flexible Energy Resources
- Automation of Electric Power Systems Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 1-9(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市 100084
  2.新型电力系统运行与控制全国重点实验室,清华大学,北京市 100084
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2402900);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2066601)
- DOI：10.7500/AEPS20230728003
  CLC：
- Received：28 July 2023，
  
  Revised：2023-09-12，
  
  Published Online：20 December 2023，
  
  Published：10 February 2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王思远,吴文传.灵活性资源聚合参考模型与量化指标体系[J].电力系统自动化,2024,48(3):1-9.

WANG Siyuan,WU Wenchuan.Aggregation Reference Model and Quantitative Metric System of Flexible Energy Resources[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2024,48(3):1-9.
王思远,吴文传.灵活性资源聚合参考模型与量化指标体系[J].电力系统自动化,2024,48(3):1-9. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20230728003.

WANG Siyuan,WU Wenchuan.Aggregation Reference Model and Quantitative Metric System of Flexible Energy Resources[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2024,48(3):1-9. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20230728003.

摘要

高比例新能源并网给电网带来了显著的波动性和不确定性，使受端电网面临可调节资源能力不足的问题，需要充分利用大量的灵活性资源参与电网调度并提供辅助服务。然而，灵活性资源的数量众多、分布广泛且特性各异，给资源的集中调控带来了新的挑战，需要以集群的形式对灵活性资源进行管理和调度。为了更加准确地评估集群在电网调控中的作用，需要将灵活性资源进行聚合，并根据应用需求采用适当的量化指标衡量其性能。基于灵活性资源集群在电网调度和电力市场中的应用需求，提出了评估灵活性资源集群可调节能力的量化指标体系。根据物理特性，将其分为类发电机特性、类储能特性和共有特性3类。为了实现不同应用场景下对集群灵活性指标的量化评估，构建了由等效发电机和等效储能所组成的灵活性资源集群的聚合参考模型。此聚合参考模型具有直观的物理意义和良好的多重嵌套特性，并适用于多种时间尺度和多种能量形式，可以被用于计算特定应用场景下的量化性能指标，以及应用于分布式资源集群的异步调度、综合能源系统的联合优化调度、虚拟电厂参与电力市场的投标报价等多个场景中。

Abstract

The penetration of high-proportion renewable energy brings significant volatility and uncertainty to power grids. Thus the receiving end of the power system faces the problem of insufficient adjustable resource capacity. It requires the full utilization of a large number of flexible energy resources to participate in power system dispatch and provide auxiliary services. However

the vast number

wide distribution

and diverse characteristics of these flexible energy resources pose significant challenges to centralized dispatch and control. It is necessary to manage and dispatch these flexible energy resources in a clustered way. To accurately assess the role of clusters in the power system dispatch and control

it is essential to aggregate these flexible energy resources and evaluate their performance by using appropriate quantitative metrics based on application requirements. According to the application demands of flexible resource clusters in power system dispatch and electricity market

a quantitative metric system of flexibility for evaluating the adjustable capacity of flexible energy resource clusters is proposed. Based on their physical characteristics

these resources are categorized into three types: generator-like characteristics

storage-like characteristics

and common characteristics. For quantitative evaluation of the cluster flexibility metrics across various application scenarios

an aggregation reference model comprising an equivalent generator and an equivalent energy storage is proposed. This aggregation reference model has a clear physical interpretation

exhibits nested properties

and therefore is suitable for various time scales and energy forms. It can be used to calculate the quantitative metrics for specific application scenarios and widely applied in scenarios such as asynchronous dispatch of distributed energy resource clusters

joint optimization dispatch of integrated energy systems

and participation of virtual power plant in electricity market bidding.

关键词

Keywords

references

CHICCO G ， RIAZ S ， MAZZA A ， et al . Flexibility from distributed multienergy systems ［J］. Proceedings of the IEEE ， 2020 ， 108 （ 9 ）： 1496 - 1517 .

邱玥，陆帅，陆海，等 . 综合能源系统灵活性：基本内涵、数学模型与研究框架［J］. 电力系统自动化， 2022 ， 46 （ 17 ）： 16 - 43 .

QIU Yue ， LU Shuai ， LU Hai ， et al . Flexibility of integrated energy system： basic connotation， mathematical model and research framework ［J］. Automation of Electric Power Systems ， 2022 ， 46 （ 17 ）： 16 - 43 .

DEGEFA M Z ， SPERSTAD I B ， SÆLE H . Comprehensive classifications and characterizations of power system flexibility resources ［J］. Electric Power Systems Research ， 2021 ， 194 ： 107022 .

LANNOYE E ， FLYNN D ， O’MALLEY M . Evaluation of power system flexibility ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ， 2012 ， 27 （ 2 ）： 922 - 931 .

THATTE A A ， XIE L . A metric and market construct of inter-temporal flexibility in time-coupled economic dispatch ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ， 2016 ， 31 （ 5 ）： 3437 - 3446 .

LU Z X ， LI H B ， QIAO Y . Probabilistic flexibility evaluation for power system planning considering its association with renewable power curtailment ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ， 2018 ， 33 （ 3 ）： 3285 - 3295 .

ZHAO H T ， CHEN J C ， WANG B ， et al . A robust aggregate model for multi-energy virtual power plant in grid dispatch ［C］// 2019 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference （iSPEC）， November 21-23 ， 2019 ， Beijing， China ： 1631 - 1636 .

RIAZ S ， MANCARELLA P . Modelling and characterisation of flexibility from distributed energy resources ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ， 2022 ， 37 （ 1 ）： 38 - 50 .

CHEN X ， LI N . Leveraging two-stage adaptive robust optimization for power flexibility aggregation ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid ， 2021 ， 12 （ 5 ）： 3954 - 3965 .

CUI B ， ZAMZAM A ， BERNSTEIN A . Network-cognizant time-coupled aggregate flexibility of distribution systems under uncertainties ［J］. IEEE Control Systems Letters ， 2020 ， 5 （ 5 ）： 1723 - 1728 .

WEN Y L ， HU Z C ， YOU S ， et al . Aggregate feasible region of DERs： exact formulation and approximate models ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid ， 2022 ， 13 （ 6 ）： 4405 - 4423 .

蒋正威，张锋明，胡凤桐，等 . 虚拟电厂分布式资源的聚合响应能力评估方法［J］. 电力工程技术， 2022 ， 41 （ 6 ）： 39 - 49 .

JIANG Zhengwei ， ZHANG Fengming ， HU Fengtong ， et al . Evaluation method of aggregated responsiveness of distributed resources in virtual power plant ［J］. Electric Power Engineering Technology ， 2022 ， 41 （ 6 ）： 39 - 49 .

NGO V ， WU W C . Linear programming contractor for interval distribution state estimation using RDM arithmetic ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ， 2021 ， 36 （ 3 ）： 2114 - 2126 .

NGO V ， WU W C . Interval distribution power flow with relative-distance-measure arithmetic ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid ， 2021 ， 12 （ 5 ）： 3858 - 3867 .

WANG S Y ， WU W C ， CHEN Q Z ， et al . Stochastic flexibility evaluation for virtual power plant by aggregating distributed energy resources ［J/OL］. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems ［ 2023-05-10 ］. https：//dx.doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.07410 https://dx.doi.org/10.17775/CSEEJPES.2021.07410 .

何永秀，陈倩，费云志，等 . 国外典型辅助服务市场产品研究及对中国的启示［J］. 电网技术， 2018 ， 42 （ 9 ）： 2915 - 2922 .

HE Yongxiu ， CHEN Qian ， FEI Yunzhi ， et al . Typical foreign ancillary service market products and enlightenment to China ［J］. Power System Technology ， 2018 ， 42 （ 9 ）： 2915 - 2922 .

吴珊，边晓燕，张菁娴，等 . 面向新型电力系统灵活性提升的国内外辅助服务市场研究综述［J］. 电工技术学报， 2023 ， 38 （ 6 ）： 1662 - 1677 .

WU Shan ， BIAN Xiaoyan ， ZHANG Jingxian ， et al . A review of domestic and foreign ancillary services market for improving flexibility of new power system ［J］. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society ， 2023 ， 38 （ 6 ）： 1662 - 1677 .

PJM . PJM manual 11： energy & ancillary services market operations ［EB/OL］. （ 2023-05-31 ）［ 2023-07-02 ］. https：//www.pjm.com/directory/manuals/m11/index.html#table-of-exhibits.html https://www.pjm.com/directory/manuals/m11/index.html#table-of-exhibits.html .

国家能源局华北监管局 . 华北区域并网发电厂“两个细则”（2019年修订版）［EB/OL］.（ 2019-09-30 ）［ 2023-07-05 ］. http：//hbj.nea.gov.cn/adminContent/initViewContent.do？pk=000000006c2a4364016d7de32f4d01f5 http://hbj.nea.gov.cn/adminContent/initViewContent.do?pk=000000006c2a4364016d7de32f4d01f5 .

The North China Regulatory Bureau of the National Energy Administration . “ Two specific regulations” for interconnected power plants in the North China region （revised 2019）［EB/OL］. （ 2019-09-30 ）［ 2023-07-05 ］. http：//hbj.nea.gov.cn/adminContent/initViewContent.do？pk=000000006c2a4364016d7de32f4d01f5 http://hbj.nea.gov.cn/adminContent/initViewContent.do?pk=000000006c2a4364016d7de32f4d01f5 .

PJM . PJM manual 12： balancing operations ［EB/OL］. ［ 2023-06-22 ］. https：//www.pjm.com/-/media/documents/manuals/m12.ashx https://www.pjm.com/-/media/documents/manuals/m12.ashx .

GUGGILAM S S ， ZHAO C H ， DALL’ANESE E ， et al . Optimizing DER participation in inertial and primary-frequency response ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ， 2018 ， 33 （ 5 ）： 5194 - 5205 .

FENG C ， CHEN Q X ， WANG Y ， et al . Provision of contingency frequency services for virtual power plants with aggregated models ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid ， 2023 ， 14 （ 4 ）： 2798 - 2811 .

JAHROMI A A ， BOUFFARD F . On the loadability sets of power systems—Part Ⅰ： characterization ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ， 2017 ， 32 （ 1 ）： 137 - 145 .

TAN Z F ， ZHONG H W ， WANG J X ， et al . Enforcing intra-regional constraints in tie-line scheduling： a projection-based framework ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems ， 2019 ， 34 （ 6 ）： 4751 - 4761 .

WANG S Y ， WU W C . Aggregate flexibility of virtual power plants with temporal coupling constraints ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid ， 2021 ， 12 （ 6 ）： 5043 - 5051 .

DAI W ， YU J ， YANG Z F ， et al . A static equivalent model of natural gas network for electricity-gas co-optimization ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy ， 2020 ， 11 （ 3 ）： 1473 - 1482 .

CHEN B B ， WU W C ， GUO Q L ， et al . An efficient optimal energy flow model for integrated energy systems based on energy circuit modeling in the frequency domain ［J］. Applied Energy ， 2022 ， 326 ： 119923 .

WANG S Y ， WU W C ， LIN C H ， et al . A dynamic equivalent energy storage model of natural gas networks for joint optimal dispatch of electricity-gas systems ［J/OL］. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy ［ 2023-06-22 ］. https：//ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10261292 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10261292 .

ZHEN J Z ， DEN HERTOG D . Computing the maximum volume inscribed ellipsoid of a polytopic projection ［J］. INFORMS Journal on Computing ， 2018 ， 30 （ 1 ）： 31 - 42 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Review on Carbon Emission Accounting Methods for Whole Links of Power System

Preliminary Study on Power System Survivability from Unconventional Perspective

Review of Modeling, Solution and Application for Coordinated Operation of Power-Transportation Systems

Preliminary Study on Probabilistic Indicators for Frequency Security of Power Systems Under Large Disturbances

Related Author

SUN Jingyang

KONG Xiangyu

CHEN Yi

XIANG Tianchun

GAO Bixuan

LUO Shuai

QI Donglian

CHEN Yulin

Related Institution

School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University

State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company

Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University

College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University

Polytechnic Institute of Zhejiang University

⁰