Planning of Computing Power and Electric Power Resources in Data Center Parks for Electricity, Frequency Regulation and Capacity Markets

DING Qiaoyi; WANG Ziyao; PAN Zhenning; WU Yufeng; YU Tao; WANG Keying

doi:10.7500/AEPS20230617001

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Planning of Computing Power and Electric Power Resources in Data Center Parks for Electricity, Frequency Regulation and Capacity Markets

Basic Research | 更新时间：2025-06-16

- Planning of Computing Power and Electric Power Resources in Data Center Parks for Electricity, Frequency Regulation and Capacity Markets
- Automation of Electric Power Systems Vol. 48, Issue 1, Pages: 59-66(2024)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华南理工大学电力学院,广东省广州市 510641
  2.广东省电网智能量测与先进计量企业重点实验室,广东省广州市 510641
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(52207105);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2066212)
- DOI：10.7500/AEPS20230617001
  CLC：
- Received：17 June 2023，
  
  Revised：2023-09-04，
  
  Published Online：28 September 2023，
  
  Published：10 January 2024
- 稿件说明：
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丁巧宜,王梓耀,潘振宁等.面向电量-调频-容量市场的数据中心园区算力及电力资源规划[J].电力系统自动化,2024,48(1):59-66.

DING Qiaoyi,WANG Ziyao,PAN Zhenning,et al.Planning of Computing Power and Electric Power Resources in Data Center Parks for Electricity, Frequency Regulation and Capacity Markets[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2024,48(1):59-66.
丁巧宜,王梓耀,潘振宁等.面向电量-调频-容量市场的数据中心园区算力及电力资源规划[J].电力系统自动化,2024,48(1):59-66. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20230617001.

DING Qiaoyi,WANG Ziyao,PAN Zhenning,et al.Planning of Computing Power and Electric Power Resources in Data Center Parks for Electricity, Frequency Regulation and Capacity Markets[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2024,48(1):59-66. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20230617001.

摘要

数据中心广泛建设是智能时代的发展趋势。如何在保证数据中心服务质量的前提下，考虑数据中心负荷转移特性，并对其进行合理规划，对降低数据中心规划总成本及提升新型电力系统灵活性均有显著意义。为此，提出一种考虑多元电力市场引导下的数据中心园区算力及电力资源优化规划方法。首先，通过多面体定界收缩法建立虚拟发电机和虚拟储能模型，描述数据中心园区的聚合可调特性。然后，根据不同电力市场的结算规则，研究了数据中心园区参与电量-调频-容量市场的方式和经济收益。在此基础上，以综合成本最小化为目标，优化数据中心园区发电机、储能的建设容量以及服务器的建设数量。最后，以阿里巴巴公开运行数据为例，证明考虑多元电力市场能够大大降低数据中心规划成本，激励数据中心园区投资建设更多灵活性资源，为电网提供有效的调频服务和容量支撑。

Abstract

The widespread construction of data centers is a developing trend in the intelligent era. The rational planning of data centers

considering their load transfer characteristics while ensuring service quality

holds great significance in reducing the overall cost of data center planning and enhancing the flexibility of new power systems. Therefore

a data center computing power and electric power resource optimization planning method considering the guidance of multiple electricity markets is proposed. Firstly

a virtual generator and a virtual energy storage model are established using the polyhedral bounding contraction method to describe the aggregated characteristics of the data center park. Then

based on the settlement rules of different electricity markets

the methods and economic benefits of data center parks participating in the electricity frequency regulation-capacity market are investigated. On this basis

with the goal of minimizing comprehensive costs

the construction capacity of generators

energy storage

and the number of servers in the data center park are optimized. Finally

taking Alibaba’s publicly available operational data as an example

it is demonstrated that considering diversified power markets can greatly reduce the planning costs of data centers

incentivize investment and construction of more flexible resources in data center parks

and provide effective frequency regulation services and capacity support for the power grid.

关键词

Keywords

references

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