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太原理工大学电气与动力工程学院,山西省太原市 030024
Received:15 March 2023,
Revised:2023-04-16,
Published Online:05 June 2023,
Published:25 July 2023
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武宇翔,韩肖清,牛哲文等.基于变权重随机森林的暂态稳定评估方法及其可解释性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2023,47(14):93-104.
WU Yuxiang,HAN Xiaoqing,NIU Zhewen,et al.Transient Stability Assessment Method Based on Variable Weight Random Forest and Its Interpretability Analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2023,47(14):93-104.
武宇翔,韩肖清,牛哲文等.基于变权重随机森林的暂态稳定评估方法及其可解释性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2023,47(14):93-104. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20230315003.
WU Yuxiang,HAN Xiaoqing,NIU Zhewen,et al.Transient Stability Assessment Method Based on Variable Weight Random Forest and Its Interpretability Analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2023,47(14):93-104. DOI: 10.7500/AEPS20230315003.
现有机器学习模型泛化能力不佳和可解释性差的问题限制了其在暂态稳定评估上的应用。首先,提出基于变权重随机森林算法的暂态功角稳定评估方法,根据模型的学习程度和各基分类器性能差异对样本及基模型进行动态赋权,以最小化损失函数进而提升模型准确性。之后,构建了面向决策过程和评估结果的可解释体系,得到以系统运行状态为导向的最佳决策规则和考虑状态差异性的特征贡献度,从模型、特征和样本3个维度对模型的决策机制、评估结果和预测原因进行了解释。对IEEE 39节点系统和某省级电网的仿真结果表明,所提方法较传统机器学习算法具有更高的评估准确性,并且能有效解释模型决策机制及影响模型评估结果的关键因素。
The problems of poor generalization and interpretability of existing machine learning models limit their application in transient stability assessment. Firstly
a transient power angle stability assessment method based on the variable weight random forest algorithm is proposed. According to the learning degree of the model and the performance differences of base classifiers
the samples and base models are dynamically weighted to minimize the loss function and improve the accuracy of the model. Then
an interpretable system for the decision-making process and evaluation results is constructed
and the optimal decision-making rules guided by the system operation state and the feature contribution degree considering the state variability are obtained. The decision-making mechanism
evaluation results and prediction reasons of the model are explained from the three dimensions of the model
features and samples. The simulation results of the IEEE 39-bus system and a provincial power grid show that the proposed method has higher evaluation accuracy than the traditional machine learning algorithm and can effectively explain the model decision-making mechanism and the key factors affecting the model evaluation results.
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