Optimization Method for Energy Efficiency of Data Center Considering Multi-period Equipment Coupling

Jinkun GAO; Juan YU; Juelin LIU; Zhifang YANG; Yongsheng XIE; Sen XU

doi:10.7500/AEPS20211228002

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Optimization Method for Energy Efficiency of Data Center Considering Multi-period Equipment Coupling

Application Research | 更新时间：2025-06-16

- Optimization Method for Energy Efficiency of Data Center Considering Multi-period Equipment Coupling
- Automation of Electric Power Systems Vol. 46, Issue 15, Pages: 153-161(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆市 400044
  2.国网新疆电力有限公司,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830011
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7500/AEPS20211228002
  CLC：
- Received：28 December 2021，
  
  Revised：2022-02-24，
  
  Published Online：26 May 2022，
  
  Published：10 August 2022
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
高晋坤,余娟,刘珏麟等.考虑多时段设备耦合的数据中心能效优化方法[J].电力系统自动化,2022,46(15):153-161.

GAO Jinkun,YU Juan,LIU Juelin,et al.Optimization Method for Energy Efficiency of Data Center Considering Multi-period Equipment Coupling[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2022,46(15):153-161.
高晋坤,余娟,刘珏麟等.考虑多时段设备耦合的数据中心能效优化方法[J].电力系统自动化,2022,46(15):153-161. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20211228002.

GAO Jinkun,YU Juan,LIU Juelin,et al.Optimization Method for Energy Efficiency of Data Center Considering Multi-period Equipment Coupling[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2022,46(15):153-161. DOI： 10.7500/AEPS20211228002.

摘要

大数据时代，数据中心的规模越来越大，其高能耗问题也日益突出。当前，中国数据中心总能耗已约占社会总耗电量的2.7%，其能效优化研究已成为近年来关注的热点。然而，当前研究忽略了信息技术（IT）设备和空调设备的时段间启停待机关系和爬坡约束，其给出的单时段最优策略在实际运行时可能出现相邻时段间IT设备频繁启停，导致IT设备损耗过大或算力需求增长过快时无法第一时间平衡算力供需等问题。因此，数据中心能效优化建模必须考虑时段耦合性。基于此，综合考虑了数据中心IT设备和空调设备的能耗特性与换热耦合关系，以及IT设备的时段间启停待机关系和爬坡约束，建立了基于多时段设备耦合的数据中心能效优化模型。针对时段耦合约束及IT设备数量规模大导致的大量整数变量带来的计算效率难题，分别提出前瞻解耦算法和IT设备聚合算法进行求解。最后，通过一个10万台IT设备的大规模数据中心仿真算例，验证了该方法的实用性和高效性。

Abstract

In the era of big data

the scale of data centers is getting bigger and bigger

and the problem of high energy consumption is becoming more and more prominent. At present

the total energy consumption of data centers in China accounts for about 2.7% of the total electricity consumption of the society

and the research on energy efficiency optimization has become a hot topic in recent years. However

the current research ignores the inter-period start-stop-standby relationship and ramping constraints of information technology (IT) equipment and air-conditioning equipment

and the single-period optimal strategy given by it may cause frequent start-up of IT equipment between adjacent periods during actual operation. Due to excessive IT equipment loss or rapid growth in computing power demand

it is impossible to balance the computing power supply and demand immediately. Therefore

the energy efficiency optimization modeling of data centers must consider the time period coupling. Based on this

by comprehensively considering the energy consumption characteristics and heat exchange coupling relationship between IT equipment and air-conditioning equipment in data centers

as well as the inter-period start-stop-standby relationship and ramping constraints of IT equipment

an energy efficiency optimization model of data centers based on multi-period equipment coupling is established. To solve the computational efficiency problems caused by time coupling constraints and a large number of integer variables produced by the large number of IT equipment

a forward-looking decoupling algorithm and an IT equipment aggregation algorithm are separately proposed. Finally

a large-scale data center simulation example of 100 000 IT equipment is used to verify the practicability and high-efficiency of the proposed method.

关键词

Keywords

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