基于模型预测控制的孤岛微电网二次调节策略

LI Demin

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基于模型预测控制的孤岛微电网二次调节策略

更新时间：2025-08-13

- 基于模型预测控制的孤岛微电网二次调节策略
- Automation of Electric Power Systems Vol. 43, Issue 10, Pages: 60-67(2019)
- 作者机构：
  
  东南大学电气工程学院,江苏省,南京市,210096
- 作者简介：
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- Published：2019
- 稿件说明：
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LI Demin. [J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2019, 43(10): 60-67.
DOI：

LI Demin. [J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2019, 43(10): 60-67. DOI：

摘要

受线路阻抗的影响，传统的P-f和Q-V下垂控制无法实现无功功率按比例精确分配，且所有分布式电源输出电压的幅值偏离电压基准值；负荷波动时，频率无法维持在额定频率值。提出一种基于模型预测控制(MPC)的二次调节策略，通过优化下垂控制的频率和电压参考值，将频率和平均电压维持在各自的基准值，实现无功功率按额定容量比例精确分配的目标，并减小了输出电压与基准电压间的偏移量。该策略以一定的采样周期将分布式电源的状态空间模型离散化，经滚动优化和反馈校正获得频率和电压的控制变量，分别添加到P-f和Q-V初级控制中，实现优化频率与电压的二次调节，且减少了比例-积分(PI)控制参数，降低了对系统参数的敏感度。MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证了所提策略与基于PI控制的二次调节策略相比，在负荷波动时具有更快的瞬态响应特性，同时具有较强的鲁棒性。

Abstract

Due to the influence of line impedance

the conventional P-f and Q-V droop control cannot realize the target of accurate reactive power sharing proportional to their rated capacity and the output voltage amplitudes of all distributed generators(DGs)deviate from nominal voltage. The frequency cannot be maintained at the rated frequency value when load fluctuates. A secondary regulation strategy based on model predictive control(MPC)is proposed. By optimizing the frequency and voltage references of droop control

respectively

the frequency and average system voltage are always maintained at their respective nominal values. Meanwhile

the target of accurate reactive power sharing proportional to their rated capacity is realized and the output voltage amplitude deviation from nominal voltage is reduced. The state-space model of DG is discretized with a certain sampling period in this strategy. The control variables of frequency and voltage are obtained by rolling optimization and feedback correction and then added to P-f and Q-V primary controls

respectively

to realize the secondary regulation for frequency and voltage optimization. The number of proportional-integral(PI)control parameters decreases and the sensitivity to the system parameters is reduced. The MATLAB/Simulink simulation verifies that the proposed strategy has faster transient response characteristics and stronger robustness when load fluctuates compared with the PI based secondary regulation strategy.

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