Virtual power plant(VPP)is an energy service provider integrating load and distributed energy
which is also a new type of online market transaction mode. On one hand
internal members of VPP have independent property and on the other
electricity price and electricity quantity bidding act in order. After taking into account the above-mentioned essentials
a bidding model for VPP based on the dynamic game theory is developed using the Stackelberg game theory. Considering the output fluctuation and forecasting error of wind turbine
photovoltaic and load
the electricity price bidding model and electricity quantity bidding model are built
respectively. Based on the principal and subordinate hierarchical relation between the two submodels
the equilibrium solution of the model is obtained using the first-order optimality condition and the particle swarm intelligence optimization algorithm. Thus the transaction price and dispatching scheme of the VPP are determined. Finally
the model is simulated
the revenues from electricity price and electricity quantity bidding results in different scenarios are discussed to verify the validity of the model.