计及服务可用性的电动汽车换电站容量优化配置

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计及服务可用性的电动汽车换电站容量优化配置

更新时间：2025-08-13

- 计及服务可用性的电动汽车换电站容量优化配置
- Automation of Electric Power Systems Vol. 38, Issue 14, Pages: 77-83(2014)
- 作者机构：
  
  新能源电力系统国家重点实验室，华北电力大学,北京市,102206
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
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- Published：2014
- 稿件说明：
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LU Xinyi. [J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2014, 38(14): 77-83.
DOI：

LU Xinyi. [J]. Automation of electric power systems, 2014, 38(14): 77-83. DOI：

摘要

动力电池换电模式由于其换电过程所需时长远小于充电过程、动力电池充电便于统一管理等优点，成为电动汽车能量补充的重要方式，推进换电站的建设有利于电动汽车的普及。针对可就地向动力电池组充电的换电站容量优化配置展开研究。首先介绍换电站的系统结构和“即换即充”的运行策略，提出服务可用性的评价指标；然后分析换电站运行状态的时序仿真模型，根据模型的输出量计算服务可用性指标；构建以设备年成本为目标函数、以换电站规模和服务可用性要求为约束的数学模型；采用微分进化（DE）算法对数学模型进行求解；最后对算例进行优化配置，随机抽取两日换电需求，计算换电站的可用性指标并分析各时段运行状态，对配置结果敏感性进行分析。

Abstract

Battery swapping has become one of the most important ways to supply energy to electric vehicles (EVs)

since it takes a very short time to replace fully recharged EV battery (EVB) packs and is convenient to manage. It leads to growing market penetration of the EVs to develop the battery swapping station (BSS). The optimal capacity configuration of electric vehicle battery swapping station

which is able to recharge the depleted EVB packs locally

is studied. Firstly

the system structure of the swapping station system as well as the operation strategy of “charge and swap” is described and two evaluation indices of service availability are proposed. Secondly

the timing simulation model for swapping station operation states is analyzed. According to the output of the model

service availability indices are calculated. A mathematical model is developed

with the equipment annual cost as the objective function and the scale and service availability as the constraints. The differential evolution (DE) algorithm is used to solve the mathematical model. Finally

the optimal configuration of a case in point is made. With two different days’ swapping demand randomly taken

the indices of swapping service availability are calculated and the state of the BSS in each period is analyzed. And the sensitivity of the result of configuration is briefly treated.

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