Marked with flexible interconnection

flexible control and economy

the direct current (DC) grid has captured the attention of industry and academy while the traditional modeling and simulation technology is hardly able to completely satisfy the needs of DC grids. This paper studies the development of DC grids modeling and simulation

summaries the modeling and simulation technology of DC grids

and proposes challenges to enhance modeling and simulation. In the field of modeling

AC/DC converter model

DC/DC converter model

DC switch model

DC load model

and system control model and implementing method of DC power grid is suggested. In the field of simulation

the power flow on the application and challenge is illustrated

while the drawback of inadequate precision and efficiency of the electro-magnetic simulation algorithm is summarized. Moreover

the real-time simulation

the highly efficient parallel technology and multi rate technology are treated. The trend of analog and digital hybrid simulation is discussed

and its prospects for future application in DC grids are given.