New neutral transverse differential protection can be achieved if the neutral of the furnace transformer with one core is wired simply.New neutral transverse differential protection can act quickly and cut off the breaker of high-voltage side when interturn short circuit of high-voltage winding，winding short circuit of two branches between the same phase，interphase short circuit of different phases，single-phase earth fault，interturn short circuit and interphase short circuit of low-voltage winding occur in furnace transformer with one core.The advantages of new neutral transverse differential protection are that it can protect multiple types of fault and it has high sensitivity，the protection sensitivity of interturn short circuit is much higher than differential protection，and it is simple and reliable.