The generation mechanism and propagation characteristics of transient traveling waves caused by re-closure of transmission lines is analyzed. Based on this analysis， a transmission line fault locating principle using traveling waves caused by re-closure is presented， and four independent operation modes of this principle such as: standard mode， extension mode 1， extension mode 2 and comprehensive mode are analyzed in detail. Then， a key issue is explored about the discrimination of the reflected surges coming from the fault point and the opposite end of the fault line. EMTP simulation and actual transient waveform analysis show that the transmission line fault locating principle with traveling waves caused by re-closure is feasible， and through the coordination with other fault locating principles based on traveling wave， the locating reliability for permanent fault can be improved.